Tư vấn môi trường - Quan trắc môi trường - Thiết bị quan trắc: Hóa học 12

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKs0zvCj-4-KBipVwK9BdRf1icIHQ6VEY-Cw7wD8OXj20k2BAtDm43edRArytUt1LAJ-GrEDweRNa2RMYlOrXkFdp-VWKH1kwqTnYbREkiEF15KQoUeRDWYIVnT7Mc5S5dY8wtm4_coMo/s1600/t%25E1%25BA%25A3i+xu%25E1%25BB%2591ng.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKs0zvCj-4-KBipVwK9BdRf1icIHQ6VEY-Cw7wD8OXj20k2BAtDm43edRArytUt1LAJ-GrEDweRNa2RMYlOrXkFdp-VWKH1kwqTnYbREkiEF15KQoUeRDWYIVnT7Mc5S5dY8wtm4_coMo/s200/t%25E1%25BA%25A3i+xu%25E1%25BB%2591ng.jpg" width="141" /></a></div>ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 12 có đáp án<br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">Cho một kim loại A tác dụng với dung dịch nước của một muối B. Với mỗi hiện tượng thí nghiệm sau, hãy tìm một kim loại A và một muối B thỏa mãn. Viết phương trình hóa học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Kim loại mới bám lên kim loại A.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Dung dịch đổi màu từ vàng sang xanh.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">c.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Dung dịch mất màu vàng.              <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">d.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Có bọt khí và có kết tủa màu trắng lẫn kết tủa màu xanh.                                                  <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">e.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Có bọt khí và có chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">f.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Có bọt khí, có kết tủa và chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp.</span></div><a name="more"></a><br /><br /><b><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B60lDwAKxckkN0wyUUgxZzg0NDA/view?usp=sharing" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: large;">Tải bản đầy đủ tại đây</span></a></b><br /><br /><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: -1.7pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; width: 671px;"> <tbody><tr style="height: 71.5pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">  <td style="height: 71.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 185.3pt;" valign="top" width="247">  <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">UBND TỈNH BẮC   NINH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><img align="left" alt="Text Box: ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC" height="29" hspace="12" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" width="136" /><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout; position: relative; z-index: 251657728;"><span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; left: 73px; position: absolute; top: -41px; width: 86px;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027" width="86" /></span></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(Đề   thi gồm có 02 trang)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div></td>  <td style="height: 71.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 317.95pt;" valign="top" width="424">  <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">NĂM HỌC 2015 -   2016<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 12<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Thời gian làm   bài: 180 phút <i>(không kể thời gian giao   đề)<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ngày thi: 24 tháng 3 năm 2016<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">============<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu I.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho một kim loại A tác dụng với dung dịch nước của một muối B. Với mỗi hiện tượng thí nghiệm sau, hãy tìm một kim loại A và một muối B thỏa mãn. Viết phương trình hóa học xảy ra. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Kim loại mới bám lên kim loại A.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch đổi màu từ vàng sang xanh. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">c.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch mất màu vàng.               <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">d.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí và có kết tủa màu trắng lẫn kết tủa màu xanh.                                                   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">e.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí và có chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">f.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí, có kết tủa và chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có hai ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="37" /></span>và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026" width="37" /> </span>được tạo nên từ 2 nguyên tố X, Y. Tổng số proton trong <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027" width="37" /></span> và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028" width="37" /></span> lần lượt là 40 và 48.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định các nguyên tố X, Y và các ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1029" width="37" /></span>, <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1030" width="37" /></span>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Bằng phản ứng hoá học, hãy chứng minh sự có mặt của các ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1031" width="37" /></span> và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1032" width="37" /></span>trong dung dịch chứa hỗn hợp muối natri của chúng.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">3. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho biết S là lưu huỳnh. Hãy tìm các chất thích hợp cho sơ đồ biến hóa sau và hoàn thành các phương trình phản ứng hóa học.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    S + (A) → (X)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    S + (B) → (Y)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (Y) + (A) → (X) + (E)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (X) + (D) + (E) → (U) + (V)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (Y) + (D) + (E) → (U) + (V)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu II.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Một học sinh được phân công tiến hành 2 thí nghiệm sau: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 114%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 114%;">            Thí nghiệm 1:</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 114%;"> Dẫn khí axetilen đi chậm qua dung dịch nước brom. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            Thí nghiệm 2:</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Nhỏ vài giọt dung dịch AgNO<sub>3</sub> vào ống nghiệm đựng dung dịch NH<sub>3</sub> dư, lắc nhẹ. Thêm tiếp dung dịch glucozơ vào, sau đó đặt ống nghiệm vào cốc nước nóng.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;">Nêu hiện tượng, viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;">            </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Viết các phương trình phản ứng thực hiện sơ đồ chuyển hoá sau. Các chất viết ở dạng công thức cấu tạo thu gọn.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-align: center;"><img height="96" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033" width="410" /><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">3.</span></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;"> Viết các đồng phân cấu tạo mạch hở, đơn chức, có cùng công thức phân tử C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Trình bày phương pháp hóa học dùng để phân biệt từng chất đó. Viết phương trình phản ứng hóa học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu III.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch X gồm Ba(OH)<sub>2</sub> 0,2M và NaOH 0,1M. Hấp thụ hoàn toàn V lít khí CO<sub>2</sub> (đo ở đktc) vào 200 ml dung dịch X, sau phản ứng thu được 5,91 gam kết tủa. Tính V.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            2.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Hoà tan 86,7 gam một oleum X vào nước dư thu được dung dịch H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. Để trung hoà dung dịch H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> ở trên cần 1,05 lít dung dịch KOH 2M. Xác định công thức phân tử của X.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;">3</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;">. Hoà tan 5,76 gam Mg trong 200 ml dung dịch HNO<sub>3</sub> loãng nóng dư, thì thu được dung dịch B và 0,896 lít một chất khí A (đo ở đktc). Cô cạn cẩn thận dung dịch B thu được 37,12 gam chất rắn khan. Tính nồng độ mol/lít của HNO<sub>3 </sub>trong dung dịch ban đầu, biết rằng lượng axit ban đầu đã lấy dư 10% so với lượng cần cho phản ứng.<span style="background: yellow; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-highlight: yellow;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 3.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu IV.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-left: -2.85pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">             1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Một hợp chất hữu cơ mạch hở A (chứa C, H, O, chỉ chứa một loại nhóm chức và có mạch cacbon không phân nhánh). Phân tử khối của A bằng 146. Cho 14,6 gam A tác dụng với 100 ml dung dịch NaOH 2M vừa đủ thu được hỗn hợp gồm một muối và một ancol. Xác định công thức cấu tạo của A.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Một hỗn hợp hai hợp chất hữu cơ đơn chức, mạch hở A, B; cả hai đều tác dụng được với dung dịch NaOH. Khi đốt cháy A hay đốt cháy B thì thể tích khí CO<sub>2</sub>và hơi nước thu được đều bằng nhau (đo ở cùng điều kiện). Lấy 16,2 gam hỗn hợp trên cho tác dụng vừa đủ với 100 ml dung dịch NaOH 2M sau đó cô cạn dung dịch ta thu được 19,2 gam chất rắn khan. Biết A, B có số nguyên tử cacbon trong phân tử hơn kém nhau là 1. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định công thức cấu tạo của A và B. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Tính % khối lượng mỗi chất A, B trong hỗn hợp.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 3.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu V.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Nung 8,08 gam một muối X thu được các sản phẩm khí và 1,60 gam một hợp chất rắn Y không tan trong nước. Ở một điều kiện thích hợp, hấp thụ toàn bộ sản phẩm khí vào một bình có chứa sẵn 200 gam dung dịch NaOH 1,20% thì thấy phản ứng vừa đủ và thu được dung dịch chỉ chứa một muối duy nhất có nồng độ 2,47%. Xác định công thức phân tử của muối X, biết rằng khi nung muối X thì kim loại trong X không thay đổi số oxi hoá.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho từ từ khí CO đi qua ống đựng 3,2 gam CuO nung nóng. Khí thoát ra khỏi ống được hấp thụ hoàn toàn vào nước vôi trong dư tạo thành 1 gam kết tủa. Chất rắn còn lại trong ống sứ cho vào cốc đựng 500 ml dung dịch HNO<sub>3</sub> 0,16M thu được V<sub>1</sub> lít khí NO và còn một phần kim loại chưa tan. Thêm tiếp vào cốc 760 ml dung dịch HCl <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="38" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034" width="12" /></span>M, sau khi phản ứng xong thu thêm V<sub>2</sub> lít khí NO. Sau đó thêm tiếp 12 gam Mg vào dung dịch sau phản ứng thu được V<sub>3</sub>lít hỗn hợp khí gồm H<sub>2</sub> và N<sub>2</sub>, dung dịch chỉ chứa muối clorua và hỗn hợp M gồm các kim loại. Biết chỉ có NO, N<sub>2</sub> là các sản phẩm khử của N<sup>+5</sup>, các phản ứng xảy ra hoàn toàn.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Tính các giá trị V<sub>1</sub>, V<sub>2</sub>, V<sub>3</sub> (thể tích các khí đều đo ở đktc).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            <b>b.</b> Xác định khối lượng mỗi kim loại trong hỗn hợp M.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 3.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu VI.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Hai hợp chất hữu cơ X, Y (chỉ chứa các nguyên tố C, H, O trong phân tử và có mạch cacbon không phân nhánh). Phân tử khối của X, Y lần lượt là M<sub>X</sub> và M<sub>Y</sub>trong đó M<sub>X</sub>< M<sub>Y</sub>< 130. Hoà tan hoàn toàn hỗn hợp gồm X, Y vào nước được dung dịch E. Cho E tác dụng với NaHCO<sub>3</sub> dư, thì số mol CO<sub>2</sub> bay ra luôn luôn bằng tổng số mol của X và Y, không phụ thuộc vào tỷ lệ số mol của chúng trong dung dịch. Lấy một lượng dung dịch E chứa 3,6 gam hỗn hợp X, Y (ứng với tổng số mol của X, Y bằng 0,05 mol) cho tác dụng hết với Na (dư), thu được 784 ml khí H<sub>2 </sub>(ở đktc).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Hỏi X, Y có chứa những nhóm chức gì?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định công thức phân tử của X, Y. Biết X, Y không có phản ứng tráng bạc, không làm mất màu của nước brom.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Khi tách loại một phân tử nước khỏi Y, thu được Z là hỗn hợp hai đồng phân <i>cis-</i>, <i>trans-</i> trong đó một đồng phân có thể bị tách bớt một phân tử nước nữa tạo thành chất P mạch vòng, P không phản ứng với NaHCO<sub>3</sub>. Xác định công thức cấu tạo của Y và viết các phương trình phản ứng thực hiện chuyển hoá Y</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Z</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> P.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=====Hết====<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: center;"><i><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: NL;">(<b>Thí sinh chỉ được sử dụng bảng tuần hoàn các nguyên tố hóa học</b>) <o:p></o:p></span></i></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr style="height: 54.2pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">  <td style="height: 54.2pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 188.0pt;" valign="top" width="251">  <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">UBND TỈNH BẮC   NINH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; margin-left: 60px; margin-top: 25px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 130px; z-index: 251658752;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image013.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1028" width="130" /></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ   ĐÀO TẠO</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="height: 54.2pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 316.6pt;" valign="top" width="422">  <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">HƯỚNG DẪN CHẤM<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">NĂM HỌC 2015 -   2016<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Môn thi: Hoá học - Lớp 12<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">=========</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu I.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho một kim loại A tác dụng với dung dịch nước của một muối B. Với mỗi hiện tượng thí nghiệm sau, hãy tìm một kim loại A và một muối B thỏa mãn. Viết phương trình hóa học xảy ra. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Kim loại mới bám lên kim loại A.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch đổi màu từ vàng sang xanh. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">c.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch mất màu vàng.               <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">d.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí và có kết tủa màu trắng lẫn kết tủa màu xanh.                                                   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">e.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí và có chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">f.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí, có kết tủa và chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có hai ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1035" width="37" /></span>và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1036" width="37" /> </span>được tạo nên từ 2 nguyên tố X, Y. Tổng số proton trong <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1037" width="37" /></span> và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1038" width="37" /></span> lần lượt là 40 và 48.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định các nguyên tố X, Y và các ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1039" width="37" /></span>, <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1040" width="37" /></span>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Bằng phản ứng hoá học, hãy chứng minh sự có mặt của các ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1041" width="37" /></span> và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1042" width="37" /></span>trong dung dịch chứa hỗn hợp muối natri của chúng.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">3. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho biết S là lưu huỳnh. Hãy tìm các chất thích hợp cho sơ đồ biến hóa sau và hoàn thành các phương trình phản ứng hóa học.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    S + (A) → (X)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    S + (B) → (Y)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (Y) + (A) → (X) + (E)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (X) + (D) + (E) → (U) + (V)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (Y) + (D) + (E) → (U) + (V)<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr>  <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td rowspan="3" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">I<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(1đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Fe + CuSO<sub>4</sub></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> FeSO<sub>4</sub>  + Cu<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Cu + 2Fe<sup>3+</sup></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Cu<sup>2+</sup>  + 2Fe<sup>2+</sup><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">c.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2Fe<sup>3+</sup>  + Fe </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 3Fe<sup>2+</sup><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">d.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Ba + 2H<sub>2</sub>O   → H<sub>2</sub></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + Ba(OH)<sub>2</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">    Ba(OH)<sub>2</sub>  + CuSO<sub>4</sub> → BaSO<sub>4</sub></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+ Cu(OH)<sub>2</sub></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">e.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2Na + 2C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>Cl<sub>  (dd)</sub> → H<sub>2</sub></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + 2C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>  +  2NaCl<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">f.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Ba +  (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4   (dd)</sub> → H<sub>2</sub></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + 2C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>  + BaSO<sub>4</sub></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">a.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Ta có hệ   pt:    <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -18.0pt; position: relative; top: 18.0pt;"><img height="56" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image015.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1043" width="113" /></span>           => <span style="mso-text-raise: -18.0pt; position: relative; top: 18.0pt;"><img height="56" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image017.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1044" width="67" /></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy: <b>X là S; Y là O<o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">        XO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup> là SO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>;   XO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> là SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup><o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Cho dung dịch BaCl<sub>2</sub> vào   dung dịch hỗn hợp muối natri của 2 ion trên, lọc thu được kết tủa trắng, cho   kết tủa vào dung dịch HCl dư, thấy có khí thoát ra đồng thời còn một phần kết   tủa trắng không tan. Kết tủa trắng của <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Bari</st1:place></st1:city>  không tan trong HCl là BaSO<sub>4<o:p></o:p></sub></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> trong dung dịch có ion SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>.   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Thu khí thoát ra rồi cho đi qua dung   dịch nước brôm, nếu thấy nước brom mất màu thì đó là khí SO<sub>2.</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> trong dung dịch có ion SO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>.   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Từ   đề bài suy ra X là SO<sub>2</sub>, Y là H<sub>2</sub>S và ta có các phương   trình phản ứng sau<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1045" width="125" /></span> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1046" width="125" /></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1047" width="204" /></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image025.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1048" width="248" /></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image027.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1049" width="253" /></span><sub><o:p></o:p></sub></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu II.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Một học sinh được phân công tiến hành 2 thí nghiệm sau: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 114%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 114%;">            Thí nghiệm 1:</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 114%;"> Dẫn khí axetilen đi chậm qua dung dịch nước brom. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            Thí nghiệm 2:</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Nhỏ vài giọt dung dịch AgNO<sub>3</sub> vào ống nghiệm đựng dung dịch NH<sub>3</sub> dư, lắc nhẹ. Thêm tiếp dung dịch glucozơ vào, sau đó đặt ống nghiệm vào cốc nước nóng.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;">Nêu hiện tượng, viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;">            </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Viết các phương trình phản ứng thực hiện sơ đồ chuyển hoá sau. Các chất viết ở dạng công thức cấu tạo thu gọn.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-align: center;"><img height="96" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1050" width="410" /><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">3.</span></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;">Viết các đồng phân cấu tạo mạch hở, đơn chức, có cùng công thức phân tử C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Trình bày phương pháp hóa học dùng để phân biệt từng chất đó. Viết phương trình phản ứng hóa học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr>  <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td rowspan="3" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">II<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(1đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Thí nghiệm 1:<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Hiện tượng: Dung dịch brom nhạt màu   dần sau đó bị mất màu.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> + Br<sub>2</sub>  </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>2</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>2</sub>  + Br<sub>2</sub> </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>4</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hoặc C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> + 2Br<sub>2</sub>  </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>4</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Thí nghiệm 2:<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Hiện tượng:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">     *) Khi cho dung dịch AgNO<sub>3</sub> vào dung dịch NH<sub>3</sub> dư   có kết tủa, lắc nhẹ kết tủa tan ra<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">     *) Thêm tiếp dung dịch glucozơ vào, sau đó đặt ống nghiệm vào cốc nước   nóng có kết tủa trắng bám quanh ống nghiệm<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">AgNO<sub>3</sub>+3NH<sub>3</sub>+H<sub>2</sub>O   </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  [Ag(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]OH + NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>O<sub>5</sub>CHO+2[Ag(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]OH<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1051" width="60" /></span> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                                     C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>O<sub>5</sub>COONH<sub>4</sub>+2Ag</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+ 3NH<sub>3</sub>  + H<sub>2</sub>O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hoặc C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>O<sub>5</sub>CHO+2AgNO<sub>3</sub>+3NH<sub>3</sub>+H<sub>2</sub>O<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1052" width="60" /></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                                      C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>11</sub>O<sub>5</sub>COONH<sub>4</sub>+2Ag</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> +2NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">(1) CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH   + CuO </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1053" width="60" /></span> </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CHO + Cu + H<sub>2</sub>O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">(2) 2CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CHO   + O<sub>2</sub> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image031.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1054" width="76" /></span> 2</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">(3) CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOH   + C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH <span style="mso-text-raise: -10.0pt; position: relative; top: 10.0pt;"><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image033.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1055" width="81" /></span> CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOC<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>  + H<sub>2</sub>O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">(4) CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH   + CH<sub>3</sub>COOH<span style="mso-text-raise: -10.0pt; position: relative; top: 10.0pt;"><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image033.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1056" width="81" /></span> CH<sub>3</sub>COOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>  + H<sub>2</sub>O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">(5) CH<sub>3</sub>COOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>  + NaOH </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1057" width="60" /></span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"> CH<sub>3</sub>COONa + CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH<o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub>  có 3 đồng phân cấu tạo, mạch hở đơn chức<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOH;   HCOOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>; CH<sub>3</sub>COOCH<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Nhúng quỳ   tím lần lượt vào 3 mẫu thử của 3 chất trên<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Quỳ tím hóa   đỏ là: CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Quỳ tím   không đổi màu là: HCOOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>; CH<sub>3</sub>COOCH<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Cho lần   lượt 2 chất: HCOOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>; CH<sub>3</sub>COOCH<sub>3</sub>  tác dụng với dung dịch AgNO<sub>3</sub> trong NH<sub>3</sub>, đun nóng<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> - Có kết tủa trắng là HCOOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">HCOOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3   </sub>+ 2AgNO<sub>3</sub>+3NH<sub>3</sub>+H<sub>2</sub>O<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1058" width="60" /></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                                                 NH<sub>4</sub>OCOOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>+ 2Ag↓+ 2NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Không hiện tượng là CH<sub>3</sub>COOCH<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu III.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch X gồm Ba(OH)<sub>2</sub> 0,2M và NaOH 0,1M. Hấp thụ hoàn toàn V lít khí CO<sub>2</sub> (đo ở đktc) vào 200 ml dung dịch X, sau phản ứng thu được 5,91 gam kết tủa. Tính V.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            2.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Hoà tan 86,7 gam một oleum X vào nước dư thu được dung dịch H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. Để trung hoà dung dịch H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> ở trên cần 1,05 lít dung dịch KOH 2M. Xác định công thức phân tử của X.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;">3</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;">. Hoà tan 5,76 gam Mg trong 200 ml dung dịch HNO<sub>3</sub> loãng nóng dư, thì thu được dung dịch B và 0,896 lít một chất khí A (đo ở đktc). Cô cạn cẩn thận dung dịch B thu được 37,12 gam chất rắn khan. Tính nồng độ mol/lít của HNO<sub>3 </sub>trong dung dịch ban đầu, biết rằng lượng axit ban đầu đã lấy dư 10% so với lượng cần cho phản ứng.<span style="background: yellow; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-highlight: yellow;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr>  <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td rowspan="3" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">III<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(1đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   n<sub>Ba(OH)2</sub> = 0,04 mol; n<sub>NaOH</sub> = 0,02 mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   X gồm: Ba<sup>2+</sup>: 0,04 mol; Na<sup>+</sup>: 0,02 mol; <st1:state w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">OH<sup>-</sup></st1:place></st1:state>: 0,10 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">n<sub>BaCO3</sub>  = 0,03 mol => CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup> : 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) TH<sub>1</sub></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: CO<sub>2</sub>  phản ứng hết với <st1:state w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">OH<sup>-</sup></st1:place></st1:state><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> CO<sub>2</sub>  +    2OH<sup>-</sup> → CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>  +  H<sub>2</sub>O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,03   </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   n<sub>CO2</sub> = 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   <b>V = 0,672 lít<o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) TH<sub>2</sub>:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> CO<sub>2</sub>  có phản ứng hết với CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-<o:p></o:p></sup></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CO<sub>2</sub>  +    2OH<sup>-</sup> → CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>  +  H<sub>2</sub>O<sup><o:p></o:p></sup></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,05</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">   0,10    → 0,05 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CO<sub>2</sub>  + H<sub>2</sub>O + CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup> → 2HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,02   </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">         0,02 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   n<sub>CO2</sub> = 0,07 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   <b>V = 1,568 lít</b><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Gọi công thức của oleum là H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>.xSO<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>.xSO<sub>3</sub>  + xH<sub>2</sub>O </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (x+1) H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>                   (1)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>  + 2KOH </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> +2H<sub>2</sub>O                        (2)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo (1) và (2): <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1,05 = (x +1) <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image035.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1059" width="61" /></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Giải ra x= 6.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy   công thức của oleum là H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>.6SO<sub>3<o:p></o:p></sub></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   Ta có: n<sub>Mg</sub>= 0,24 mol; n<sub>A</sub>=0,04 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mg   + HNO<sub>3</sub> </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>  + A +H<sub>2</sub>O có thể có muối amoni<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   Luôn có: n<sub>Mg</sub>= n<sub>Mg(NO3)2 </sub>= 0,24 mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> m<sub>Mg(NO3)2 </sub>= 0,24 x   148 = 35,52 gam < 37,12 gam <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">nên   trong dung dịch B có muối NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> với khôi lượng 1,6 gam   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n<sub>NH4NO3 </sub>=0,02 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   Có thể viết phương trình phản ứng xác định khí hoặc sử dụng phương pháp bảo   toàn số mol electron như sau:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Mg </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Mg<sup>2+</sup><sub>  </sub>+ 2e             N<sup>+5</sup> +   8e  </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> N<sup>-3</sup>              N<sup>+5</sup> + a.e </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  khí A<sup><o:p></o:p></sup></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 0,24  </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">         0,48                  0,16 </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,02                     0.04.a </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,04<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">    0,04.a + 0,16 = 0,48</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> a = 8 khí A   là N<sub>2</sub>O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> +) Vậy số mol HNO<sub>3</sub> phản ứng =   10*0,02 + 10*0,04 = 0,6 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">               số mol HNO<sub>3</sub> ban đầu   = 0,6 + 0,6*10/100 = 0,66 mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <b>Vậy C<sub>M   HNO3</sub> = 3,3M<o:p></o:p></b></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 3.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu IV.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Một hợp chất hữu cơ mạch hở A (chứa C, H, O, chỉ chứa một loại nhóm chức và có mạch cacbon không phân nhánh). Phân tử khối của A bằng 146. Cho 14,6 gam A tác dụng với 100 ml dung dịch NaOH 2M vừa đủ thu được hỗn hợp gồm một muối và một ancol. Xác định công thức cấu tạo của A.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Một hỗn hợp hai hợp chất hữu cơ đơn chức, mạch hở A, B; cả hai đều tác dụng được với dung dịch NaOH. Khi đốt cháy A hay đốt cháy B thì thể tích khí CO<sub>2</sub>và hơi nước thu được đều bằng nhau (đo ở cùng điều kiện). Lấy 16,2 gam hỗn hợp trên cho tác dụng vừa đủ với 100 ml dung dịch NaOH 2M sau đó cô cạn dung dịch ta thu được 19,2 gam chất rắn khan. Biết A, B có số nguyên tử cacbon trong phân tử hơn kém nhau là 1. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định công thức cấu tạo của A và B. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Tính % khối lượng mỗi chất A, B trong hỗn hợp.<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr>  <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td rowspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">IV<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(2đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   n<sub>A</sub>= 0,1 mol; n<sub>NaOH</sub>= 0,2 mol; <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A   tác dụng với dung dịch NaOH thu được một muối và một ancol, với tỉ lệ mol của   A:NaOH = 1:2<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   A là este 2 chức<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) TH<sub>1</sub>:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Tạo bởi axit   2 chức và ancol đơn chức<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A   có công thức dạng R(COOR’)<sub>2</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   R + 2R’=58<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   R’=15 và R=28 => CTCT của A là CH<sub>3</sub>OOC-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-COOCH<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">hoặc   R’=29 và R=0=> CTCT của A là C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OOC-COOC<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5<o:p></o:p></sub></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) TH<sub>2</sub>:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Tạo bởi axit   đơn chức và ancol 2 chức<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A   có công thức dạng (RCOO)<sub>2</sub>R’<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   2R + R’=58<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   R=1 và R’=56 => CTCT của A là HCOO-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-OOCH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">hoặc   R=15 và R’=28=> CTCT của A là CH<sub>3</sub>COO-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-OOCCH<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(2đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   A, B đơn chức, mạch hở đều tác dụng được với dung dịch NaOH. Vậy axit hoặc   este đơn chức. Đốt cháy thu được số mol CO<sub>2</sub> bằng số mol H<sub>2</sub>O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nên A, B có dạng tổng quát :  C<sub>x</sub>H<sub>2x</sub>O<sub>2</sub> và   C<sub>p</sub>H<sub>2p</sub>O<sub>2</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                             Hoặc   là R<sub>1</sub>COOR<sub>2</sub> và R<sub>3</sub>COOR<sub>4</sub>  <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   Phương trình phản ứng với dung dịch NaOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">R<sub>1</sub>COOR<sub>2</sub>  + NaOH  → R<sub>1</sub>COONa +  R<sub>2</sub>OH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">R<sub>3</sub>COOR<sub>4</sub>  + NaOH → R<sub>3</sub>COONa  +  R<sub>4</sub>OH                        <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   n<sub>NaOH</sub>= 0,1.2 = 0,2 mol  =>   m<sub>NaOH</sub>= 0,2 x40 = 8 gam<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   Khối lượng R<sub>2</sub>OH và R<sub>4</sub>OH: 16,2 + 8 - 19,2 =  5 gam<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">           => n<sub>(A,B)</sub> = n<sub>(   muối)</sub> = n<sub>(R1OH,R2OH)</sub> = n<sub>(NaOH)</sub> = 0,2 (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">             =>  <span style="mso-text-raise: -4.0pt; position: relative; top: 4.0pt;"><img height="28" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image037.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1060" width="39" /></span>= 16,2/0,2 = 81 (u)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> A, B hơn kém 1 nguyên tử cacbon, với dạng   tổng quát trên tương ứng hơn kém 1 nhóm CH<sub>2</sub>. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy:   A có CTPT là C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub> : a mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">    và B có CTPT là C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>2  </sub>:             b   mol               <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>  a+ b = 0,2<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">    74a + 88b = 16,2<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   a = b = 0,1 (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   <span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><img height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image039.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1061" width="20" /></span>muối=19,2/0,2 = 96  (u)   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">* TH<sub>1</sub>:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Chất rắn chỉ   có 1 muối: CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COONa<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> => CTCT của A là CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOH   và B là CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOCH<sub>3</sub>   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">* TH<sub>2</sub>:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Chất rắn có 2   muối R<sub>1</sub>COONa < 96 và R<sub>2</sub>COONa >96<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   có 1 muối là CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COONa => B là CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   Muối còn lại có dạng: RCOONa <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,1*(R+67)   + 0,1*110 = 19,2 => R=15 => A là CH<sub>3</sub>COOCH<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b.                   <o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Thành   phần khối lượng trong hai trường hợp như nhau.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                         %m<sub>C</sub></span><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3</span></sub><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">H</span></sub><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">6</span></sub><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">O</span></sub><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> = (0,1.74/16,2).100%   =  45,68%   <b>                                                </b>%m<sub>C</sub></span><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">4</span></sub><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">H</span></sub><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">8</span></sub><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">O</span></sub><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> = 54,32%<o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu V.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Nung 8,08 gam một muối X thu được các sản phẩm khí và 1,60 gam một hợp chất rắn Y không tan trong nước. Ở một điều kiện thích hợp, hấp thụ toàn bộ sản phẩm khí vào một bình có chứa sẵn 200 gam dung dịch NaOH 1,20% thì thấy phản ứng vừa đủ và thu được dung dịch chỉ chứa một muối duy nhất có nồng độ 2,47%. Xác định công thức phân tử của muối X, biết rằng khi nung muối X thì kim loại trong X không thay đổi số oxi hoá.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho từ từ khí CO đi qua ống đựng 3,2 gam CuO nung nóng. Khí thoát ra khỏi ống được hấp thụ hoàn toàn vào nước vôi trong dư tạo thành 1 gam kết tủa. Chất rắn còn lại trong ống sứ cho vào cốc đựng 500 ml dung dịch HNO<sub>3</sub> 0,16M thu được V<sub>1</sub> lít khí NO và còn một phần kim loại chưa tan. Thêm tiếp vào cốc 760 ml dung dịch HCl <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="38" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1062" width="12" /></span>M, sau khi phản ứng xong thu thêm V<sub>2</sub> lít khí NO. Sau đó thêm tiếp 12 gam Mg vào dung dịch sau phản ứng thu được V<sub>3</sub>lít hỗn hợp khí gồm H<sub>2</sub> và N<sub>2</sub>, dung dịch chỉ chứa muối clorua và hỗn hợp M gồm các kim loại. Biết chỉ có NO, N<sub>2</sub> là các sản phẩm khử của N<sup>+5</sup>, các phản ứng xảy ra hoàn toàn.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Tính các giá trị V<sub>1</sub>, V<sub>2</sub>, V<sub>3</sub> (thể tích các khí đều đo ở đktc).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            <b>b.</b> Xác định khối lượng mỗi kim loại trong hỗn hợp M.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr>  <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td rowspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">V<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(2đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">+) Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: m<sub>khí</sub>  = 8,08 -1,6 = 6,48 gam<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Sản phẩm khí + dung dịch NaOH → dung dịch muối 2,47%<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;"> n<sub>NaOH</sub>  = 0,06 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">m<sub>dd muối</sub> = m<sub>khí</sub> + m<sub>dd NaOH</sub>  = 206,48 gam → m<sub>muối</sub> = 5,1 gam<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">+) Ta có sơ đồ: Khí    + nNaOH → Na<sub>n</sub>A<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">                                   0,06  → 0,06/n<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=>  m<sub>muối</sub>  = (23.n+A).0,06/n = 5,1 → A = 62n<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> Chỉ có cặp: n = 1, A = 62 (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>)   là phù hợp => muối là NaNO<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">+) Vì sản phẩm khí bị hấp thụ hoàn toàn và phản ứng với   dung dịch NaOH chỉ cho được một muối duy nhất là NaNO<sub>3</sub> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> Do đó sản phẩm khí phải bao gồm NO<sub>2</sub> và   O<sub>2</sub> với tỉ lệ mol tương ứng 4:1<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> muối X ban đầu là M(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>n</sub>.   Khi đó<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">            4NO<sub>2</sub>  + O<sub>2</sub> + 2H<sub>2</sub>O → 4HNO<sub>3</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">             HNO<sub>3</sub>  + NaOH → NaNO<sub>3</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">+) Theo phương trình tính được<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"> n<sub>NO2</sub>  = 0,06 mol, n<sub>O2</sub> = 0,015 mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> m<sub>khí</sub> =    m<sub>NO2</sub> + m<sub>O2</sub> = 3,24 gam < 6,48 gam<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> Trong sản phẩm khí còn có hơi nước. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Vậy muối X phải có dạng M(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>n</sub>.xH<sub>2</sub>O.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">+) Phản ứng nhiệt phân<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">2M(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>n</sub>.xH<sub>2</sub>O<span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image041.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1063" width="45" /></span> M<sub>2</sub>O<sub>n</sub>  + 2nNO<sub>2</sub> + n/2O<sub>2</sub> + 2xH<sub>2</sub>O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image043.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1064" width="369" /></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> m<sub>Y</sub> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -14.0pt; position: relative; top: 14.0pt;"><img height="44" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image045.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1065" width="291" /></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> Thỏa mãn khi:  n = 3, <b>M   = 56 (Fe)</b><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   m<sub>H2O</sub> = 6,48 - 3,24 = 3,24 gam =>  n<sub>H2O</sub> = 0,18 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kết   hợp với phương trình nhiệt phân ta có<span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image047.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1066" width="144" /></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy X là muối   Fe(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>.9H<sub>2</sub>O<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(2đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531">  <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    CuO + CO <span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><img height="21" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image049.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1067" width="45" /></span> Cu + CO<sub>2</sub>                              (1)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    0,01                       0,01<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    CO<sub>2</sub>  + Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> → CaCO<sub>3</sub></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + H<sub>2</sub>O                    (2)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo   (1) và (2):           n<sub>Cu</sub> = n<sub>CO2</sub>  = n<sub>CuO phản ứng</sub> = 0,01 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n<sub>CuO   ban đầu </sub> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image051.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1068" width="28" /></span>= 0,04 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n<sub>CuO   dư</sub> = 0,04 – 0,01 = 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   Chất rắn gồm: Cu: 0,01 mol và CuO dư: 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   Khi cho chất rắn vào dung dịch HNO<sub>3</sub>:      <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">n<sub>HNO3   ban đầu </sub>= 0,5×0,16 = 0,08 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                 CuO +  2H<sup>+ </sup>→  Cu<sup>2+</sup> + H<sub>2</sub>O                                  (3)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                0,03→ 0,06 →    0,03         mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                3Cu +    8H<sup>+    </sup>+ 2NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>→ 3Cu<sup>2+</sup>+ 2NO + 4H<sub>2</sub>O       (4)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                              0,03/4 </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,02 → 0,005 →            0,005  mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   Theo (3) và (4): <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                          V<sub>1</sub> =   0,005×22,4 =</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  <b>0,112 lít<o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   n<sub>Cu tan (4) </sub>= <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image053.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1069" width="56" /></span> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image055.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1070" width="36" /></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n<sub>Cu còn dư</sub> = 0,01 -    <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image055.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1071" width="36" /></span>= <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image058.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1072" width="36" /></span>= 0,0025 (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   Khi thêm dung dịch HCl vào thì: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">n<sub>HCl   ban đầu</sub> = 0,76×<span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image060.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1073" width="16" /></span> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image062.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1074" width="33" /></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                              3Cu +    8H<sup>+</sup>   +     2NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> → 3Cu<sup>2+</sup>  + 2NO + 4H<sub>2</sub>O  (5)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                            0,0025→ 0,02/3→   0,005/3 →         0,005/3     mol                                    <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   Theo (5) Cu tan hết             <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">        n<sub>NO </sub>= 0,005/3 mol        <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   <b>V<sub>2</sub> =  <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image064.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1075" width="44" /></span>×22,4 </b></span><b><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">»</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 0,037 lít<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sau   phản ứng (5)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:state w:st="on">n<sub>H+</sub></st1:state></st1:place><sub> dư</sub> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image062.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1076" width="33" /></span> - <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image067.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1077" width="38" /></span> = 0,5 (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   Khi cho Mg vào:     5Mg + 12H<sup>+</sup>  +  2NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> → 5Mg<sup>2+</sup>  + N<sub>2</sub> +6H<sub>2</sub>O     (6)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    0,5   </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">«</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  0,5   </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">«</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image069.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1078" width="37" /></span>                   mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    Mg +  2H<sup>+</sup> → Mg<sup>2+</sup> + H<sub>2</sub>                                      (7)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image071.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1079" width="36" /></span> </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">«</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  0,06     </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">     0,03      mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo (3), (4),   (5):        n<sub>NO3</sub><b>- </b>= 0,08 <b>- </b><span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image067.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1080" width="38" /></span> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image069.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1081" width="37" /></span> mol<span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n<sub>Mg</sub>  = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image075.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1082" width="24" /></span> = 0,5 (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo   (6):                     n<sub>N2 </sub>=   <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image077.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1083" width="16" /></span>n<sub>NO3-</sub> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image079.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1084" width="37" /></span>= <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image081.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1085" width="33" /></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    <st1:state w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">n<sub>H</sub><sup>+</sup></st1:place></st1:state>  (7) = 0,5 - <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image069.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1086" width="37" /></span>×6 = 0,06<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n<sub>Mg </sub>=   0,5 - <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image084.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1087" width="16" /></span>×<span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image069.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1088" width="37" /></span> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image071.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1089" width="36" /></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo   (7):                     n<sub>H2</sub>  = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image077.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1090" width="16" /></span><st1:state w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">n<sub>H</sub><sup>+</sup></st1:place></st1:state>  = 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   <b>V<sub>3</sub>= V<sub>N2 + H2</sub> =   (0,03 + <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image081.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1091" width="33" /></span>)×22,4 </b></span><b><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">»</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 1,49 lít<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n<sub>Mg   còn dư </sub>= <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image071.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1092" width="36" /></span> - <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image091.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1093" width="38" /></span> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image093.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1094" width="36" /></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   n<sub>Cu</sub><sup>2+</sup> = 0,04 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    Mg +    Cu<sup>2+</sup> → Mg<sup>2+</sup> + Cu↓               <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                 <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image093.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1095" width="36" /></span></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">«</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  0,04 →            0,04 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>   Sau phản ứng, hỗn hợp kim loại M gồm:              <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                     n<sub>Cu</sub>  = 0,04 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n<sub>Mg</sub>  = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image093.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1096" width="36" /></span> - 0,04 = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image097.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1097" width="38" /></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)   Vậy M gồm:           <b>m<sub>Cu</sub> = 64×0,04 = 2,56 gam<o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    m<sub>Mg</sub>  = 24×<span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image097.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1098" width="38" /></span> = 5,92 gam</span></b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 3.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu VI.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Hai hợp chất hữu cơ X, Y (chỉ chứa các nguyên tố C, H, O trong phân tử và có mạch cacbon không phân nhánh). Phân tử khối của X, Y lần lượt là M<sub>X</sub> và M<sub>Y</sub>trong đó M<sub>X</sub>< M<sub>Y</sub>< 130. Hoà tan hoàn toàn hỗn hợp gồm X, Y vào nước được dung dịch E. Cho E tác dụng với NaHCO<sub>3</sub> dư, thì số mol CO<sub>2</sub> bay ra luôn luôn bằng tổng số mol của X và Y, không phụ thuộc vào tỷ lệ số mol của chúng trong dung dịch. Lấy một lượng dung dịch E chứa 3,6 gam hỗn hợp X, Y (ứng với tổng số mol của X, Y bằng 0,05 mol) cho tác dụng hết với Na (dư), thu được 784 ml khí H<sub>2 </sub>(ở đktc).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Hỏi X, Y có chứa những nhóm chức gì?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định công thức phân tử của X, Y. Biết X, Y không có phản ứng tráng bạc, không làm mất màu của nước brom.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Khi tách loại một phân tử nước khỏi Y, thu được Z là hỗn hợp hai đồng phân <i>cis-</i>, <i>trans-</i> trong đó một đồng phân có thể bị tách bớt một phân tử nước nữa tạo thành chất P mạch vòng, P không phản ứng với NaHCO<sub>3</sub>. Xác định công thức cấu tạo của Y và viết các phương trình phản ứng thực hiện chuyển hoá Y</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Z</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> P.<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 669px;"> <tbody><tr>  <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.15pt;" valign="top" width="43">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 395.35pt;" valign="top" width="527">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td rowspan="3" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.15pt;" valign="top" width="43">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">VI<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(1đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 395.35pt;" valign="top" width="527">  <div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">+) Dung dịch E tác dụng với NaHCO<sub>3</sub> sinh ra CO<sub>2</sub> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">chứng tỏ X, Y chứa nhóm chức –COOH.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Gọi công thức 2 chất R<sub>1</sub>(COOH)<sub>x</sub> và R<sub>2</sub>(COOH)<sub>y</sub>  với số mol lần lượt là a, b<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Khi đó số mol CO<sub>2</sub> là ax+by = a+b, không phụ thuộc vào a, b   nên x=y=1.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Trong 3,6 gam X, Y<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Đặt CT chung R-COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Khi tác dụng NaHCO<sub>3</sub> thu được n<sub>CO2</sub>=0,05=n<sub>(A,B)   </sub>=n<sub>-COOH  </sub>nên             M<sub>(X,Y)=</sub>3,6/0,05=72 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";">→ M</span><sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">R</span></sub><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=72 - 45=27<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Khi phản ứng với Na</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"> tạo ra </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">H<sub>2</sub>  với n<sub>H2</sub>=0,035 mol chứng tỏ số mol H linh động trong E là 0,035.2=0,07   >  n<sub>-COOH</sub>  nên X, Y vẫn còn –OH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Đặt  R’(OH)<sub>k</sub>(COOH) + Na</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";">→</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(k+1)/2   H<sub>2</sub><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">        0,05                                    0,035    mol  <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";">→ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">k=0,4   <1 <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Với R=27 mà M<sub>X</sub><   M<sub>Y</sub> nên X không chứa –OH, <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                           Y   chứa 1 hoặc 2 –OH (không thể là 3 vì M<sub>Y</sub><130).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy   X chỉ chứa nhóm chức – COOH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">       Y chứa cả nhóm chức – COOH và nhóm   chức –OH <o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 395.35pt;" valign="top" width="527">  <div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) TH<sub>1</sub></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Y chứa 1   nhóm – OH khi đó X là R<sub>1</sub>’(COOH)            a (mol) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 194.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                                                Y   là R<sub>2</sub>’(OH)(COOH)  b (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 194.5pt;"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">     Ta có<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 194.5pt;"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-text-raise: -26.0pt; position: relative; top: 26.0pt;"><img height="70" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image100.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1099" width="197" /></span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">X, Y không làm mất màu nước Br<sub>2</sub>, không có   phản ứng tráng bạc nên X, Y là hợp chất no<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Nghiệm thỏa mãn R<sub>1</sub>’= 15 ; R<sub>2</sub>’=28  <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Vậy X là CH<sub>3</sub>COOH;   Y là C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>(OH)(COOH)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">+) TH<sub>2</sub>:</span></b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;"> Y chứa 2 nhóm  –OH tương tự ta tính được 4R<sub>1</sub><sup>’</sup>  + R<sub>2</sub>’= 118<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Nghiệm thỏa mãn R<sub>1</sub>’= 15; R<sub>2</sub>’ = 41 <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Vậy X CH<sub>3</sub>COOH; Y là C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>(COOH)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 395.35pt;" valign="top" width="527">  <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Y tách H<sub>2</sub>O cho 2 đồng phân hình học </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Z<sub>1</sub>,   Z<sub>2</sub> </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">nên Y chỉ có thể là:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">      <img height="42" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image102.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1100" width="303" /><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Z<sub>1</sub> đun nóng, tách H<sub>2</sub>O   tạo P mạch vòng, không phản ứng NaHCO<sub>3</sub> nên P là este vòng => Z<sub>1</sub>  dạng <i>cis</i>, Z<sub>2</sub> dạng <i>trans</i><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><img height="181" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image104.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1101" width="391" /><o:p></o:p></span></div></td>  <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">  <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><br /><div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">`<u>Ghi chú:</u></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <i>Học sinh phải thực hiện đúng và đủ các yêu cầu của đầu bài, kết quả làm cách khác đúng, cho điểm tối đa tương ứng.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>

ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 12 có đáp án

ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 12 có đáp án 1. Cho một kim loại A tác dụng với dung dịch nước của một muối B. Với mỗ...

ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 12 có đáp án

Văn bản

Thiết bị quan trắc