Top 10 Sách Luyện Thi Tổ Hợp Khoa Học Tự Nhiên - Chinh phục kỳ thi THPT Quốc gia

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4SwB2BWwySvaQDoc6uVGfXtAw-KS7WQqVe8qiorhNz-wYNruvAZGyOZDkxZk0E2Q9ziKbnw99tjVt5zShMBujpLAAywpTFD2_4UipJeTlIB2XwJWLiIeHf-h-dnFgKax2fX9AI3kTIF8/s1600/01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="421" data-original-width="291" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4SwB2BWwySvaQDoc6uVGfXtAw-KS7WQqVe8qiorhNz-wYNruvAZGyOZDkxZk0E2Q9ziKbnw99tjVt5zShMBujpLAAywpTFD2_4UipJeTlIB2XwJWLiIeHf-h-dnFgKax2fX9AI3kTIF8/s200/01.jpg" width="138"></a></div> Xin giới thiệu những cuốn sách luyện thi tổ hợp khoa học tự nhiên bổ ích giúp các em nâng cao kĩ năng để có thể chạm đến cánh cửa đại học. Với hệ thống nội dung kiến thức đầy đủ, cập nhật đề thi sát với hướng dẫn của Bộ giáo dục sẽ là tài liệu ôn thi hiệu quả cho các em.<br> <br>

Top 10 Sách Luyện Thi Tổ Hợp Khoa Học Tự Nhiên - Chinh phục kỳ thi THPT Quốc gia

Xin giới thiệu những cuốn sách luyện thi tổ hợp khoa học tự nhiên bổ ích giúp các em nâng cao kĩ năng để có thể chạm đến cánh cửa đại học....

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Giải bài toán Hóa học dạng đồ thị

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTMGpqkVOTytzlUPruGRI0q8KiQJpTvCQCMviNaKPqtGStm8gAyli4vNlAyMN0CW5t1ciHe7jDaA6e4LvSisIjOKEzYkkL7M5elqwtNaQXE3SasujHZmf-gJgKRK8flRwmslghWuHYY2yb/s1600/screenhunter12_feb__02_12_08_emjb.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="237" data-original-width="500" height="94" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTMGpqkVOTytzlUPruGRI0q8KiQJpTvCQCMviNaKPqtGStm8gAyli4vNlAyMN0CW5t1ciHe7jDaA6e4LvSisIjOKEzYkkL7M5elqwtNaQXE3SasujHZmf-gJgKRK8flRwmslghWuHYY2yb/s200/screenhunter12_feb__02_12_08_emjb.jpg" width="200"></a></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.4px; margin: 3pt 2.15pt 3pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 19.9333px;">Trong hai năm gần đây đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học – Cao đẳng(nay gọi là đề thi THPT Quốc gia) có khá nhiều đổi mới, đó là:<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.4px; margin: 3pt 2.15pt 3pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 19.9333px;"></span></div>

Giải bài toán Hóa học dạng đồ thị

Trong hai năm gần đây đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học – Cao đẳng(nay gọi là đề thi THPT Quốc gia) có khá nhiều đổi mới, đó là:

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ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 12 có đáp án

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKs0zvCj-4-KBipVwK9BdRf1icIHQ6VEY-Cw7wD8OXj20k2BAtDm43edRArytUt1LAJ-GrEDweRNa2RMYlOrXkFdp-VWKH1kwqTnYbREkiEF15KQoUeRDWYIVnT7Mc5S5dY8wtm4_coMo/s1600/t%25E1%25BA%25A3i+xu%25E1%25BB%2591ng.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKs0zvCj-4-KBipVwK9BdRf1icIHQ6VEY-Cw7wD8OXj20k2BAtDm43edRArytUt1LAJ-GrEDweRNa2RMYlOrXkFdp-VWKH1kwqTnYbREkiEF15KQoUeRDWYIVnT7Mc5S5dY8wtm4_coMo/s200/t%25E1%25BA%25A3i+xu%25E1%25BB%2591ng.jpg" width="141" /></a></div>ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 12 có đáp án<br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">Cho một kim loại A tác dụng với dung dịch nước của một muối B. Với mỗi hiện tượng thí nghiệm sau, hãy tìm một kim loại A và một muối B thỏa mãn. Viết phương trình hóa học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Kim loại mới bám lên kim loại A.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Dung dịch đổi màu từ vàng sang xanh.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">c.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Dung dịch mất màu vàng.              <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">d.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Có bọt khí và có kết tủa màu trắng lẫn kết tủa màu xanh.                                                  <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">e.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Có bọt khí và có chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17.6px; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;">f.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.6px;"> Có bọt khí, có kết tủa và chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp.</span></div><a name="more"></a><br /><br /><b><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B60lDwAKxckkN0wyUUgxZzg0NDA/view?usp=sharing" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: large;">Tải bản đầy đủ tại đây</span></a></b><br /><br /><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: -1.7pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; width: 671px;"> <tbody><tr style="height: 71.5pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="height: 71.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 185.3pt;" valign="top" width="247"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">UBND TỈNH BẮC NINH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t202" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="202" path="m,l,21600r21600,l21600,xe"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/> <v:path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute; left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:39pt;margin-top:24.6pt;width:97.75pt; height:17.65pt;z-index:251656704'> <v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1026' inset="0,0,0,0"> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"><tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:3.0pt;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><![if !mso]></td> </tr></table><![endif]></v:textbox> <w:wrap type="square"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img align="left" alt="Text Box: ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC" height="29" hspace="12" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" width="136" /><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t32" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="32" o:oned="t" path="m,l21600,21600e" filled="f"> <v:path arrowok="t" fillok="f" o:connecttype="none"/> <o:lock v:ext="edit" shapetype="t"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1027" type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute; left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:55.8pt;margin-top:-29.8pt;width:62.45pt; height:0;z-index:251657728' o:connectortype="straight"/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout; position: relative; z-index: 251657728;"><span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; left: 73px; position: absolute; top: -41px; width: 86px;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027" width="86" /></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(Đề thi gồm có 02 trang)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div></td> <td style="height: 71.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 317.95pt;" valign="top" width="424"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">NĂM HỌC 2015 - 2016<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 12<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút <i>(không kể thời gian giao đề)<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ngày thi: 24 tháng 3 năm 2016<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">============<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu I.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho một kim loại A tác dụng với dung dịch nước của một muối B. Với mỗi hiện tượng thí nghiệm sau, hãy tìm một kim loại A và một muối B thỏa mãn. Viết phương trình hóa học xảy ra. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Kim loại mới bám lên kim loại A.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch đổi màu từ vàng sang xanh. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">c.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch mất màu vàng.               <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">d.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí và có kết tủa màu trắng lẫn kết tủa màu xanh.                                                   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">e.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí và có chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">f.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí, có kết tủa và chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có hai ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/></v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt; height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1025" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328171"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span>và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image005.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1026" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328172"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--> </span>được tạo nên từ 2 nguyên tố X, Y. Tổng số proton trong <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image007.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1027" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328173"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span> và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image008.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1028" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328174"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span> lần lượt là 40 và 48.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định các nguyên tố X, Y và các ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image007.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1029" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1029" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328175"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span>, <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1030" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image008.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1030" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1030" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328176"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Bằng phản ứng hoá học, hãy chứng minh sự có mặt của các ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image007.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1031" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1031" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328177"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span> và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1032" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image008.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1032" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1032" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328178"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span>trong dung dịch chứa hỗn hợp muối natri của chúng.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">3. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho biết S là lưu huỳnh. Hãy tìm các chất thích hợp cho sơ đồ biến hóa sau và hoàn thành các phương trình phản ứng hóa học.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    S + (A) → (X)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    S + (B) → (Y)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (Y) + (A) → (X) + (E)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (X) + (D) + (E) → (U) + (V)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (Y) + (D) + (E) → (U) + (V)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu II.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Một học sinh được phân công tiến hành 2 thí nghiệm sau: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 114%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 114%;">            Thí nghiệm 1:</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 114%;"> Dẫn khí axetilen đi chậm qua dung dịch nước brom. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            Thí nghiệm 2:</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Nhỏ vài giọt dung dịch AgNO₃ vào ống nghiệm đựng dung dịch NH₃ dư, lắc nhẹ. Thêm tiếp dung dịch glucozơ vào, sau đó đặt ống nghiệm vào cốc nước nóng.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;">Nêu hiện tượng, viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;">            </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Viết các phương trình phản ứng thực hiện sơ đồ chuyển hoá sau. Các chất viết ở dạng công thức cấu tạo thu gọn.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-align: center;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1033" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:307.5pt;height:1in' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image009.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="96" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033" width="410" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="ISISServer" ShapeID="_x0000_i1033" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328179"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">3.</span></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;"> Viết các đồng phân cấu tạo mạch hở, đơn chức, có cùng công thức phân tử C₃H₆O₂. Trình bày phương pháp hóa học dùng để phân biệt từng chất đó. Viết phương trình phản ứng hóa học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu III.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch X gồm Ba(OH)₂ 0,2M và NaOH 0,1M. Hấp thụ hoàn toàn V lít khí CO₂ (đo ở đktc) vào 200 ml dung dịch X, sau phản ứng thu được 5,91 gam kết tủa. Tính V.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            2.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Hoà tan 86,7 gam một oleum X vào nước dư thu được dung dịch H₂SO₄. Để trung hoà dung dịch H₂SO₄ ở trên cần 1,05 lít dung dịch KOH 2M. Xác định công thức phân tử của X.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;">3</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;">. Hoà tan 5,76 gam Mg trong 200 ml dung dịch HNO₃ loãng nóng dư, thì thu được dung dịch B và 0,896 lít một chất khí A (đo ở đktc). Cô cạn cẩn thận dung dịch B thu được 37,12 gam chất rắn khan. Tính nồng độ mol/lít của HNO₃trong dung dịch ban đầu, biết rằng lượng axit ban đầu đã lấy dư 10% so với lượng cần cho phản ứng.<span style="background: yellow; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-highlight: yellow;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 3.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu IV.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-left: -2.85pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">             1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Một hợp chất hữu cơ mạch hở A (chứa C, H, O, chỉ chứa một loại nhóm chức và có mạch cacbon không phân nhánh). Phân tử khối của A bằng 146. Cho 14,6 gam A tác dụng với 100 ml dung dịch NaOH 2M vừa đủ thu được hỗn hợp gồm một muối và một ancol. Xác định công thức cấu tạo của A.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Một hỗn hợp hai hợp chất hữu cơ đơn chức, mạch hở A, B; cả hai đều tác dụng được với dung dịch NaOH. Khi đốt cháy A hay đốt cháy B thì thể tích khí CO₂và hơi nước thu được đều bằng nhau (đo ở cùng điều kiện). Lấy 16,2 gam hỗn hợp trên cho tác dụng vừa đủ với 100 ml dung dịch NaOH 2M sau đó cô cạn dung dịch ta thu được 19,2 gam chất rắn khan. Biết A, B có số nguyên tử cacbon trong phân tử hơn kém nhau là 1. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định công thức cấu tạo của A và B. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Tính % khối lượng mỗi chất A, B trong hỗn hợp.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 3.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu V.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Nung 8,08 gam một muối X thu được các sản phẩm khí và 1,60 gam một hợp chất rắn Y không tan trong nước. Ở một điều kiện thích hợp, hấp thụ toàn bộ sản phẩm khí vào một bình có chứa sẵn 200 gam dung dịch NaOH 1,20% thì thấy phản ứng vừa đủ và thu được dung dịch chỉ chứa một muối duy nhất có nồng độ 2,47%. Xác định công thức phân tử của muối X, biết rằng khi nung muối X thì kim loại trong X không thay đổi số oxi hoá.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho từ từ khí CO đi qua ống đựng 3,2 gam CuO nung nóng. Khí thoát ra khỏi ống được hấp thụ hoàn toàn vào nước vôi trong dư tạo thành 1 gam kết tủa. Chất rắn còn lại trong ống sứ cho vào cốc đựng 500 ml dung dịch HNO₃ 0,16M thu được V₁ lít khí NO và còn một phần kim loại chưa tan. Thêm tiếp vào cốc 760 ml dung dịch HCl <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1034" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:9pt;height:28.5pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image011.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="38" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034" width="12" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1034" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328180"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]-->M, sau khi phản ứng xong thu thêm V₂ lít khí NO. Sau đó thêm tiếp 12 gam Mg vào dung dịch sau phản ứng thu được V₃lít hỗn hợp khí gồm H₂ và N₂, dung dịch chỉ chứa muối clorua và hỗn hợp M gồm các kim loại. Biết chỉ có NO, N₂ là các sản phẩm khử của N⁺⁵, các phản ứng xảy ra hoàn toàn.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Tính các giá trị V₁, V₂, V₃ (thể tích các khí đều đo ở đktc).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            <b>b.</b> Xác định khối lượng mỗi kim loại trong hỗn hợp M.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 3.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu VI.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Hai hợp chất hữu cơ X, Y (chỉ chứa các nguyên tố C, H, O trong phân tử và có mạch cacbon không phân nhánh). Phân tử khối của X, Y lần lượt là M_X và M_Ytrong đó M_X< M_Y< 130. Hoà tan hoàn toàn hỗn hợp gồm X, Y vào nước được dung dịch E. Cho E tác dụng với NaHCO₃ dư, thì số mol CO₂ bay ra luôn luôn bằng tổng số mol của X và Y, không phụ thuộc vào tỷ lệ số mol của chúng trong dung dịch. Lấy một lượng dung dịch E chứa 3,6 gam hỗn hợp X, Y (ứng với tổng số mol của X, Y bằng 0,05 mol) cho tác dụng hết với Na (dư), thu được 784 ml khí H₂(ở đktc).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Hỏi X, Y có chứa những nhóm chức gì?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định công thức phân tử của X, Y. Biết X, Y không có phản ứng tráng bạc, không làm mất màu của nước brom.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Khi tách loại một phân tử nước khỏi Y, thu được Z là hỗn hợp hai đồng phân <i>cis-</i>, <i>trans-</i> trong đó một đồng phân có thể bị tách bớt một phân tử nước nữa tạo thành chất P mạch vòng, P không phản ứng với NaHCO₃. Xác định công thức cấu tạo của Y và viết các phương trình phản ứng thực hiện chuyển hoá Y</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Z</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> P.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=====Hết====<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: center;"><i><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: NL;">(<b>Thí sinh chỉ được sử dụng bảng tuần hoàn các nguyên tố hóa học</b>) <o:p></o:p></span></i></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr style="height: 54.2pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="height: 54.2pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 188.0pt;" valign="top" width="251"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">UBND TỈNH BẮC NINH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:line id="_x0000_s1028" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;z-index:251658752' from="45.8pt,19.8pt" to="141.45pt,19.8pt"/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; margin-left: 60px; margin-top: 25px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 130px; z-index: 251658752;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image013.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1028" width="130" /></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="height: 54.2pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 316.6pt;" valign="top" width="422"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">HƯỚNG DẪN CHẤM<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">NĂM HỌC 2015 - 2016<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Môn thi: Hoá học - Lớp 12<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">=========</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu I.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho một kim loại A tác dụng với dung dịch nước của một muối B. Với mỗi hiện tượng thí nghiệm sau, hãy tìm một kim loại A và một muối B thỏa mãn. Viết phương trình hóa học xảy ra. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Kim loại mới bám lên kim loại A.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch đổi màu từ vàng sang xanh. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">c.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch mất màu vàng.               <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">d.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí và có kết tủa màu trắng lẫn kết tủa màu xanh.                                                   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">e.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí và có chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">f.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có bọt khí, có kết tủa và chất lỏng tạo ra phân thành 2 lớp.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Có hai ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1035" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1035" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1035" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328181"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span>và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1036" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image005.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1036" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1036" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328182"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--> </span>được tạo nên từ 2 nguyên tố X, Y. Tổng số proton trong <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1037" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image007.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1037" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1037" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328183"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span> và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1038" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image008.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1038" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1038" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328184"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span> lần lượt là 40 và 48.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định các nguyên tố X, Y và các ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1039" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image007.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1039" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1039" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328185"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span>, <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1040" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image008.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1040" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1040" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328186"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Bằng phản ứng hoá học, hãy chứng minh sự có mặt của các ion <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1041" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image007.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1041" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1041" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328187"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span> và <span style="mso-text-raise: -5.0pt; position: relative; top: 5.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1042" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image008.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1042" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1042" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328188"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--></span>trong dung dịch chứa hỗn hợp muối natri của chúng.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">3. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho biết S là lưu huỳnh. Hãy tìm các chất thích hợp cho sơ đồ biến hóa sau và hoàn thành các phương trình phản ứng hóa học.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    S + (A) → (X)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    S + (B) → (Y)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (Y) + (A) → (X) + (E)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (X) + (D) + (E) → (U) + (V)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">                                    (Y) + (D) + (E) → (U) + (V)<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td rowspan="3" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">I<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(1đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Fe + CuSO₄</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> FeSO₄ + Cu<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Cu + 2Fe³⁺</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Cu²⁺  + 2Fe²⁺<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">c.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2Fe³⁺ + Fe </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 3Fe²⁺<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">d.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Ba + 2H₂O → H₂</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">­</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + Ba(OH)₂<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">    Ba(OH)₂ + CuSO₄ → BaSO₄</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+ Cu(OH)₂</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">e.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2Na + 2C₆H₅NH₃Cl_(dd) → H₂</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">­</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + 2C₆H₅NH₂ +  2NaCl<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">f.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Ba +  (C₆H₅NH₃)₂SO_{4 (dd)} → H₂</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">­</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + 2C₆H₅NH₂ + BaSO₄</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">a.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Ta có hệ pt:    <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -18.0pt; position: relative; top: 18.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1043" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:84.75pt;height:42pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image014.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="56" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image015.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1043" width="113" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1043" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328189"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->           => <span style="mso-text-raise: -18.0pt; position: relative; top: 18.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1044" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:50.25pt;height:42pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image016.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="56" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image017.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1044" width="67" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1044" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328190"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy: <b>X là S; Y là O<o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">        XO₃^2- là SO₃^2-; XO₄^2- là SO₄^2-<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Cho dung dịch BaCl₂ vào dung dịch hỗn hợp muối natri của 2 ion trên, lọc thu được kết tủa trắng, cho kết tủa vào dung dịch HCl dư, thấy có khí thoát ra đồng thời còn một phần kết tủa trắng không tan. Kết tủa trắng của <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Bari</st1:place></st1:city> không tan trong HCl là BaSO_4<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> trong dung dịch có ion SO₄^2-. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Thu khí thoát ra rồi cho đi qua dung dịch nước brôm, nếu thấy nước brom mất màu thì đó là khí SO_2.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> trong dung dịch có ion SO₃^2-. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Từ đề bài suy ra X là SO₂, Y là H₂S và ta có các phương trình phản ứng sau<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1045" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:93.75pt;height:24pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image018.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1045" width="125" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1045" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328191"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1046" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:93.75pt;height:24pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image020.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1046" width="125" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1046" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328192"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1047" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:153pt;height:24pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image022.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1047" width="204" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1047" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328193"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1048" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:186pt;height:24pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image024.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image025.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1048" width="248" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1048" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328194"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -7.0pt; position: relative; top: 7.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1049" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:189.75pt;height:24pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image026.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="32" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image027.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1049" width="253" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1049" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328195"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->_<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu II.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Một học sinh được phân công tiến hành 2 thí nghiệm sau: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 114%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 114%;">            Thí nghiệm 1:</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 114%;"> Dẫn khí axetilen đi chậm qua dung dịch nước brom. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            Thí nghiệm 2:</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Nhỏ vài giọt dung dịch AgNO₃ vào ống nghiệm đựng dung dịch NH₃ dư, lắc nhẹ. Thêm tiếp dung dịch glucozơ vào, sau đó đặt ống nghiệm vào cốc nước nóng.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;">Nêu hiện tượng, viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;">            </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Viết các phương trình phản ứng thực hiện sơ đồ chuyển hoá sau. Các chất viết ở dạng công thức cấu tạo thu gọn.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-align: center;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1050" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:307.5pt;height:1in' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image009.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="96" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1050" width="410" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="ISISServer" ShapeID="_x0000_i1050" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328197"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">3.</span></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 110%;">Viết các đồng phân cấu tạo mạch hở, đơn chức, có cùng công thức phân tử C₃H₆O₂. Trình bày phương pháp hóa học dùng để phân biệt từng chất đó. Viết phương trình phản ứng hóa học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td rowspan="3" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">II<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(1đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Thí nghiệm 1:<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Hiện tượng: Dung dịch brom nhạt màu dần sau đó bị mất màu.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">C₂H₂ + Br₂ </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> C₂H₂Br₂<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">C₂H₂Br₂ + Br₂ </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> C₂H₂Br₄<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hoặc C₂H₂ + 2Br₂ </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> C₂H₂Br₄<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Thí nghiệm 2:<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Hiện tượng:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">   *) Khi cho dung dịch AgNO₃ vào dung dịch NH₃ dư có kết tủa, lắc nhẹ kết tủa tan ra<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">   *) Thêm tiếp dung dịch glucozơ vào, sau đó đặt ống nghiệm vào cốc nước nóng có kết tủa trắng bám quanh ống nghiệm<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">AgNO₃+3NH₃+H₂O </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> [Ag(NH₃)₂]OH + NH₄NO₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">C₅H₁₁O₅CHO+2[Ag(NH₃)₂]OH<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1051" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:45pt;height:20.25pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image028.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1051" width="60" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1051" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328198"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                                   C₅H₁₁O₅COONH₄+2Ag</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+ 3NH₃ + H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hoặc C₅H₁₁O₅CHO+2AgNO₃+3NH₃+H₂O<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1052" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:45pt;height:20.25pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image028.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1052" width="60" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1052" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328199"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                                    C₅H₁₁O₅COONH₄+2Ag</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> +2NH₄NO₃<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">(1) CH₃CH₂CH₂OH + CuO </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1053" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:45pt;height:20.25pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image028.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1053" width="60" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1053" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328200"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">CH₃CH₂CHO + Cu + H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">(2) 2CH₃CH₂CHO + O₂ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1054" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:57pt;height:20.25pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image030.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image031.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1054" width="76" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1054" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328201"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> 2</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">CH₃CH₂COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">(3) CH₃CH₂COOH + C₂H₅OH <span style="mso-text-raise: -10.0pt; position: relative; top: 10.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1055" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:60.75pt;height:27.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image032.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image033.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1055" width="81" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1055" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328202"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> CH₃CH₂COOC₂H₅ + H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">(4) CH₃CH₂CH₂OH + CH₃COOH<span style="mso-text-raise: -10.0pt; position: relative; top: 10.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1056" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:60.75pt;height:27.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image032.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="37" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image033.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1056" width="81" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1056" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328203"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> CH₃COOCH₂CH₂CH₃ + H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">(5) CH₃COOCH₂CH₂CH₃ + NaOH </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1057" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:45pt;height:20.25pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image028.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1057" width="60" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1057" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328204"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"> CH₃COONa + CH₃CH₂CH₂OH<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) C₃H₆O₂ có 3 đồng phân cấu tạo, mạch hở đơn chức<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CH₃CH₂COOH; HCOOCH₂CH₃; CH₃COOCH₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Nhúng quỳ tím lần lượt vào 3 mẫu thử của 3 chất trên<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Quỳ tím hóa đỏ là: CH₃CH₂COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Quỳ tím không đổi màu là: HCOOCH₂CH₃; CH₃COOCH₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Cho lần lượt 2 chất: HCOOCH₂CH₃; CH₃COOCH₃ tác dụng với dung dịch AgNO₃ trong NH₃, đun nóng<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> - Có kết tủa trắng là HCOOCH₂CH₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">HCOOCH₂CH₃+ 2AgNO₃+3NH₃+H₂O<span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1058" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:45pt;height:20.25pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image028.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="27" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1058" width="60" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1058" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328205"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                                               NH₄OCOOCH₂CH₃+ 2Ag↓+ 2NH₄NO₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Không hiện tượng là CH₃COOCH₃<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu III.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Dung dịch X gồm Ba(OH)₂ 0,2M và NaOH 0,1M. Hấp thụ hoàn toàn V lít khí CO₂ (đo ở đktc) vào 200 ml dung dịch X, sau phản ứng thu được 5,91 gam kết tủa. Tính V.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            2.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Hoà tan 86,7 gam một oleum X vào nước dư thu được dung dịch H₂SO₄. Để trung hoà dung dịch H₂SO₄ ở trên cần 1,05 lít dung dịch KOH 2M. Xác định công thức phân tử của X.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;">3</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 110%;">. Hoà tan 5,76 gam Mg trong 200 ml dung dịch HNO₃ loãng nóng dư, thì thu được dung dịch B và 0,896 lít một chất khí A (đo ở đktc). Cô cạn cẩn thận dung dịch B thu được 37,12 gam chất rắn khan. Tính nồng độ mol/lít của HNO₃trong dung dịch ban đầu, biết rằng lượng axit ban đầu đã lấy dư 10% so với lượng cần cho phản ứng.<span style="background: yellow; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-highlight: yellow;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td rowspan="3" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">III<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(1đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) n_Ba(OH)2 = 0,04 mol; n_NaOH = 0,02 mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> X gồm: Ba²⁺: 0,04 mol; Na⁺: 0,02 mol; <st1:state w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">OH^-</st1:place></st1:state>: 0,10 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">n_BaCO3 = 0,03 mol => CO₃^2- : 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) TH₁</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: CO₂ phản ứng hết với <st1:state w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">OH^-</st1:place></st1:state><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> CO₂  +  2OH^- → CO₃^2-  +  H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,03 </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> n_CO2 = 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> <b>V = 0,672 lít<o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) TH₂:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> CO₂ có phản ứng hết với CO₃^{2-<o:p></o:p>}</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CO₂  +  2OH^- → CO₃^2-  +  H₂O^<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,05</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">   0,10  → 0,05 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CO₂ + H₂O + CO₃^2- → 2HCO₃^-   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,02 </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">         0,02 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> n_CO2 = 0,07 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> <b>V = 1,568 lít</b><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Gọi công thức của oleum là H₂SO₄.xSO₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">H₂SO₄.xSO₃ + xH₂O </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (x+1) H₂SO₄                   (1)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">H₂SO₄ + 2KOH </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> K₂SO₄ +2H₂O                        (2)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo (1) và (2): <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1,05 = (x +1) <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1059" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:45.75pt;height:30.75pt'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image034.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image035.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1059" width="61" /><!--[endif]--></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Giải ra x= 6.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy công thức của oleum là H₂SO₄.6SO_3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Ta có: n_Mg= 0,24 mol; n_A=0,04 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mg + HNO₃ </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Mg(NO₃)₂ + A +H₂O có thể có muối amoni<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Luôn có: n_Mg= n_Mg(NO3)2= 0,24 mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> m_Mg(NO3)2= 0,24 x 148 = 35,52 gam < 37,12 gam <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">nên trong dung dịch B có muối NH₄NO₃ với khôi lượng 1,6 gam <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_NH4NO3=0,02 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Có thể viết phương trình phản ứng xác định khí hoặc sử dụng phương pháp bảo toàn số mol electron như sau:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Mg </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Mg²⁺+ 2e             N⁺⁵ + 8e  </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> N^-3              N⁺⁵ + a.e </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  khí A^<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 0,24  </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">         0,48                  0,16 </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,02                     0.04.a </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,04<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">    0,04.a + 0,16 = 0,48</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> a = 8 khí A là N₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> +) Vậy số mol HNO₃ phản ứng = 10*0,02 + 10*0,04 = 0,6 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">               số mol HNO₃ ban đầu = 0,6 + 0,6*10/100 = 0,66 mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <b>Vậy C_{M HNO3} = 3,3M<o:p></o:p></b></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 3.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu IV.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Một hợp chất hữu cơ mạch hở A (chứa C, H, O, chỉ chứa một loại nhóm chức và có mạch cacbon không phân nhánh). Phân tử khối của A bằng 146. Cho 14,6 gam A tác dụng với 100 ml dung dịch NaOH 2M vừa đủ thu được hỗn hợp gồm một muối và một ancol. Xác định công thức cấu tạo của A.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">            2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Một hỗn hợp hai hợp chất hữu cơ đơn chức, mạch hở A, B; cả hai đều tác dụng được với dung dịch NaOH. Khi đốt cháy A hay đốt cháy B thì thể tích khí CO₂và hơi nước thu được đều bằng nhau (đo ở cùng điều kiện). Lấy 16,2 gam hỗn hợp trên cho tác dụng vừa đủ với 100 ml dung dịch NaOH 2M sau đó cô cạn dung dịch ta thu được 19,2 gam chất rắn khan. Biết A, B có số nguyên tử cacbon trong phân tử hơn kém nhau là 1. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định công thức cấu tạo của A và B. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Tính % khối lượng mỗi chất A, B trong hỗn hợp.<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">IV<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(2đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) n_A= 0,1 mol; n_NaOH= 0,2 mol; <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A tác dụng với dung dịch NaOH thu được một muối và một ancol, với tỉ lệ mol của A:NaOH = 1:2<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> A là este 2 chức<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) TH₁:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Tạo bởi axit 2 chức và ancol đơn chức<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A có công thức dạng R(COOR’)₂<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> R + 2R’=58<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> R’=15 và R=28 => CTCT của A là CH₃OOC-CH₂-CH₂-COOCH₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">hoặc R’=29 và R=0=> CTCT của A là C₂H₅OOC-COOC₂H_5<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) TH₂:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Tạo bởi axit đơn chức và ancol 2 chức<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A có công thức dạng (RCOO)₂R’<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> 2R + R’=58<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> R=1 và R’=56 => CTCT của A là HCOO-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-OOCH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">hoặc R=15 và R’=28=> CTCT của A là CH₃COO-CH₂-CH₂-OOCCH₃<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(2đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) A, B đơn chức, mạch hở đều tác dụng được với dung dịch NaOH. Vậy axit hoặc este đơn chức. Đốt cháy thu được số mol CO₂ bằng số mol H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nên A, B có dạng tổng quát :  C_xH_2xO₂ và C_pH_2pO₂<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                             Hoặc là R₁COOR₂ và R₃COOR₄  <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Phương trình phản ứng với dung dịch NaOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">R₁COOR₂ + NaOH  → R₁COONa +  R₂OH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">R₃COOR₄  + NaOH → R₃COONa  +  R₄OH                        <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) n_NaOH= 0,1.2 = 0,2 mol  => m_NaOH= 0,2 x40 = 8 gam<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Khối lượng R₂OH và R₄OH: 16,2 + 8 - 19,2 =  5 gam<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">           => n_(A,B) = n_{( muối)} = n_(R1OH,R2OH) = n_(NaOH) = 0,2 (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">             =>  <span style="mso-text-raise: -4.0pt; position: relative; top: 4.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1060" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:29.25pt;height:21pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image036.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="28" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image037.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1060" width="39" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1060" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328206"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->= 16,2/0,2 = 81 (u)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> A, B hơn kém 1 nguyên tử cacbon, với dạng tổng quát trên tương ứng hơn kém 1 nhóm CH₂. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy: A có CTPT là C₃H₆O₂ : a mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">    và B có CTPT là C₄H₈O₂:             b mol               <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>  a+ b = 0,2<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">    74a + 88b = 16,2<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> a = b = 0,1 (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) <span style="mso-text-raise: -2.0pt; position: relative; top: 2.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1061" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:15pt;height:18.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image038.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="25" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image039.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1061" width="20" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1061" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328207"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->muối=19,2/0,2 = 96  (u) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">* TH₁:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Chất rắn chỉ có 1 muối: CH₃CH₂COONa<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> => CTCT của A là CH₃CH₂COOH và B là CH₃CH₂COOCH₃   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">* TH₂:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Chất rắn có 2 muối R₁COONa < 96 và R₂COONa >96<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> có 1 muối là CH₃CH₂CH₂COONa => B là CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> Muối còn lại có dạng: RCOONa <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,1*(R+67) + 0,1*110 = 19,2 => R=15 => A là CH₃COOCH₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b.                   <o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Thành phần khối lượng trong hai trường hợp như nhau.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                         %m_C</span>_{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3</span>}_{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">H</span>}_{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">6</span>}_{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">O</span>}_{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">2</span>}<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> = (0,1.74/16,2).100% =  45,68%   <b>                                                </b>%m_C</span>_{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">4</span>}_{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">H</span>}_{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">8</span>}_{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">O</span>}_{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">2</span>}<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> = 54,32%<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu V.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Nung 8,08 gam một muối X thu được các sản phẩm khí và 1,60 gam một hợp chất rắn Y không tan trong nước. Ở một điều kiện thích hợp, hấp thụ toàn bộ sản phẩm khí vào một bình có chứa sẵn 200 gam dung dịch NaOH 1,20% thì thấy phản ứng vừa đủ và thu được dung dịch chỉ chứa một muối duy nhất có nồng độ 2,47%. Xác định công thức phân tử của muối X, biết rằng khi nung muối X thì kim loại trong X không thay đổi số oxi hoá.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Cho từ từ khí CO đi qua ống đựng 3,2 gam CuO nung nóng. Khí thoát ra khỏi ống được hấp thụ hoàn toàn vào nước vôi trong dư tạo thành 1 gam kết tủa. Chất rắn còn lại trong ống sứ cho vào cốc đựng 500 ml dung dịch HNO₃ 0,16M thu được V₁ lít khí NO và còn một phần kim loại chưa tan. Thêm tiếp vào cốc 760 ml dung dịch HCl <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1062" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:9pt;height:28.5pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image011.wmz" o:title=""/></v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="38" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1062" width="12" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1062" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328208"> </o:OLEObject></xml><![endif]-->M, sau khi phản ứng xong thu thêm V₂ lít khí NO. Sau đó thêm tiếp 12 gam Mg vào dung dịch sau phản ứng thu được V₃lít hỗn hợp khí gồm H₂ và N₂, dung dịch chỉ chứa muối clorua và hỗn hợp M gồm các kim loại. Biết chỉ có NO, N₂ là các sản phẩm khử của N⁺⁵, các phản ứng xảy ra hoàn toàn.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Tính các giá trị V₁, V₂, V₃ (thể tích các khí đều đo ở đktc).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            <b>b.</b> Xác định khối lượng mỗi kim loại trong hỗn hợp M.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 673px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">V<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(2đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">+) Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: m_khí = 8,08 -1,6 = 6,48 gam<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Sản phẩm khí + dung dịch NaOH → dung dịch muối 2,47%<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;"> n_NaOH = 0,06 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">m_{dd muối} = m_khí + m_{dd NaOH} = 206,48 gam → m_muối = 5,1 gam<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">+) Ta có sơ đồ: Khí  + nNaOH → Na_nA<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">                                   0,06  → 0,06/n<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=>  m_muối = (23.n+A).0,06/n = 5,1 → A = 62n<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> Chỉ có cặp: n = 1, A = 62 (NO₃^-) là phù hợp => muối là NaNO₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">+) Vì sản phẩm khí bị hấp thụ hoàn toàn và phản ứng với dung dịch NaOH chỉ cho được một muối duy nhất là NaNO₃ <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> Do đó sản phẩm khí phải bao gồm NO₂ và O₂ với tỉ lệ mol tương ứng 4:1<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> muối X ban đầu là M(NO_­3)_n. Khi đó<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">            4NO₂ + O₂ + 2H₂O → 4HNO₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">             HNO₃ + NaOH → NaNO₃ + H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">+) Theo phương trình tính được<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"> n_NO2 = 0,06 mol, n_O2 = 0,015 mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> m_khí =  m_NO2 + m_O2 = 3,24 gam < 6,48 gam<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> Trong sản phẩm khí còn có hơi nước. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">Vậy muối X phải có dạng M(NO₃)_n.xH₂O.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">+) Phản ứng nhiệt phân<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">2M(NO₃)_n.xH₂O<span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1063" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image040.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image041.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1063" width="45" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1063" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328209"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> M₂O_n + 2nNO₂ + n/2O₂ + 2xH₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1064" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:276.75pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image042.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image043.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1064" width="369" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1064" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328210"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> m_Y = <span style="mso-text-raise: -14.0pt; position: relative; top: 14.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1065" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:218.25pt;height:33pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image044.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="44" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image045.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1065" width="291" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1065" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328211"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;">=> Thỏa mãn khi:  n = 3, <b>M = 56 (Fe)</b><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> m_H2O = 6,48 - 3,24 = 3,24 gam =>  n_H2O = 0,18 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kết hợp với phương trình nhiệt phân ta có<span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1066" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:108pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image046.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image047.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1066" width="144" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1066" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328212"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy X là muối Fe(NO₃)₃.9H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(2đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"> <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    CuO + CO <span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1067" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:15.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image048.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="21" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image049.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1067" width="45" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1067" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328213"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> Cu + CO₂                             (1)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    0,01                       0,01<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCO₃</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + H₂O                   (2)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo (1) và (2):           n_Cu = n_CO2 = n_{CuO phản ứng} = 0,01 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n_{CuO ban đầu} = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1068" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:21pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image050.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image051.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1068" width="28" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1068" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328214"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>= 0,04 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n_{CuO dư} = 0,04 – 0,01 = 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> Chất rắn gồm: Cu: 0,01 mol và CuO dư: 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Khi cho chất rắn vào dung dịch HNO₃:      <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">n_{HNO3 ban đầu}= 0,5×0,16 = 0,08 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                 CuO +  2H⁺→  Cu²⁺ + H₂O                                  (3)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                0,03→ 0,06 →    0,03         mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                3Cu +    8H⁺+ 2NO₃^-→ 3Cu²⁺+ 2NO + 4H₂O     (4)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                              0,03/4 </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">¬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,02 → 0,005 →            0,005  mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Theo (3) và (4): <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                          V₁ = 0,005×22,4 =</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <b>0,112 lít<o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) n_{Cu tan (4)}= <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1069" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:42pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image052.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image053.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1069" width="56" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1069" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328215"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1070" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image054.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image055.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1070" width="36" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1070" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328216"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_{Cu còn dư} = 0,01 -  <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1071" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image056.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image055.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1071" width="36" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1071" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328217"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>= <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1072" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image057.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image058.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1072" width="36" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1072" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328218"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>= 0,0025 (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Khi thêm dung dịch HCl vào thì: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">n_{HCl ban đầu} = 0,76×<span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1073" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image059.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image060.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1073" width="16" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1073" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328219"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1074" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:24.75pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image061.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image062.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1074" width="33" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1074" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328220"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                              3Cu +    8H⁺   +     2NO₃^- → 3Cu²⁺ + 2NO + 4H₂O  (5)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                            0,0025→ 0,02/3→  0,005/3 →         0,005/3   mol                                    <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Theo (5) Cu tan hết             <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">        n_NO= 0,005/3 mol        <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> <b>V₂ =  <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1075" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image063.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image064.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1075" width="44" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1075" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328221"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>×22,4 </b></span><b><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">»</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 0,037 lít<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sau phản ứng (5)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:state w:st="on">n_H+</st1:state></st1:place>_dư = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1076" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:24.75pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image065.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image062.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1076" width="33" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1076" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328222"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> - <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1077" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:28.5pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image066.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image067.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1077" width="38" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1077" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328223"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> = 0,5 (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Khi cho Mg vào:     5Mg + 12H⁺ +  2NO₃^- → 5Mg²⁺ + N₂ +6H₂O     (6)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    0,5 </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">«</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  0,5   </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">«</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1078" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image068.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image069.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1078" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1078" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328224"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>                   mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    Mg +  2H⁺ → Mg²⁺ + H₂                                      (7)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1079" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image070.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image071.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1079" width="36" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1079" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328225"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">«</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  0,06     </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">     0,03    mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo (3), (4), (5):        n_NO3<b>- </b>= 0,08 <b>- </b><span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1080" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:28.5pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image072.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image067.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1080" width="38" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1080" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328226"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1081" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image073.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image069.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1081" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1081" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328227"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> mol<span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n_Mg = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1082" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:18pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image074.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image075.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1082" width="24" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1082" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328228"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> = 0,5 (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo (6):                     n_N2= <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1083" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image076.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image077.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1083" width="16" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1083" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328229"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>n_NO3- = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1084" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image078.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image079.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1084" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1084" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328230"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>= <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1085" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:24.75pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image080.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image081.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1085" width="33" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1085" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328231"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    <st1:state w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">n_H⁺</st1:place></st1:state> (7) = 0,5 - <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1086" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image082.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image069.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1086" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1086" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328232"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>×6 = 0,06<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n_Mg= 0,5 - <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1087" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image083.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image084.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1087" width="16" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1087" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328233"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>×<span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1088" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27.75pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image085.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image069.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1088" width="37" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1088" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328234"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1089" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image086.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image071.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1089" width="36" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1089" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328235"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo (7):                     n_H2 = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1090" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image087.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image077.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1090" width="16" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1090" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328236"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span><st1:state w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">n_H⁺</st1:place></st1:state> = 0,03 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> <b>V₃= V_{N2 + H2} = (0,03 + <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1091" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:24.75pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image088.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image081.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1091" width="33" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1091" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328237"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>)×22,4 </b></span><b><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">»</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 1,49 lít<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n_{Mg còn dư}= <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1092" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image089.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image071.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1092" width="36" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1092" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328238"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> - <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1093" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:28.5pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image090.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image091.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1093" width="38" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1093" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328239"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1094" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image092.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image093.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1094" width="36" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1094" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328240"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) n_Cu²⁺ = 0,04 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    Mg +    Cu²⁺ → Mg²⁺ + Cu↓               <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                 <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1095" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image094.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image093.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1095" width="36" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1095" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328241"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">«</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  0,04 →            0,04 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> Sau phản ứng, hỗn hợp kim loại M gồm:              <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                     n_Cu = 0,04 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    n_Mg = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1096" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image095.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image093.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1096" width="36" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1096" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328242"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> - 0,04 = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1097" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:28.5pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image096.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image097.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1097" width="38" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1097" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328243"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span>(mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Vậy M gồm:           <b>m_Cu = 64×0,04 = 2,56 gam<o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                    m_Mg = 24×<span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1098" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:28.5pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image098.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image097.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1098" width="38" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1098" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328244"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span> = 5,92 gam</span></b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: FR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; margin-top: 3.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Câu VI.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Hai hợp chất hữu cơ X, Y (chỉ chứa các nguyên tố C, H, O trong phân tử và có mạch cacbon không phân nhánh). Phân tử khối của X, Y lần lượt là M_X và M_Ytrong đó M_X< M_Y< 130. Hoà tan hoàn toàn hỗn hợp gồm X, Y vào nước được dung dịch E. Cho E tác dụng với NaHCO₃ dư, thì số mol CO₂ bay ra luôn luôn bằng tổng số mol của X và Y, không phụ thuộc vào tỷ lệ số mol của chúng trong dung dịch. Lấy một lượng dung dịch E chứa 3,6 gam hỗn hợp X, Y (ứng với tổng số mol của X, Y bằng 0,05 mol) cho tác dụng hết với Na (dư), thu được 784 ml khí H₂(ở đktc).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Hỏi X, Y có chứa những nhóm chức gì?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Xác định công thức phân tử của X, Y. Biết X, Y không có phản ứng tráng bạc, không làm mất màu của nước brom.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 110%; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;">Khi tách loại một phân tử nước khỏi Y, thu được Z là hỗn hợp hai đồng phân <i>cis-</i>, <i>trans-</i> trong đó một đồng phân có thể bị tách bớt một phân tử nước nữa tạo thành chất P mạch vòng, P không phản ứng với NaHCO₃. Xác định công thức cấu tạo của Y và viết các phương trình phản ứng thực hiện chuyển hoá Y</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> Z</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">®</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 110%;"> P.<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 669px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.15pt;" valign="top" width="43"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 395.35pt;" valign="top" width="527"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td rowspan="3" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.15pt;" valign="top" width="43"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">VI<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(1đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 395.35pt;" valign="top" width="527"> <div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">+) Dung dịch E tác dụng với NaHCO₃ sinh ra CO₂ <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">chứng tỏ X, Y chứa nhóm chức –COOH.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Gọi công thức 2 chất R₁(COOH)_x và R₂(COOH)_y với số mol lần lượt là a, b<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Khi đó số mol CO₂ là ax+by = a+b, không phụ thuộc vào a, b nên x=y=1.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Trong 3,6 gam X, Y<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Đặt CT chung R-COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Khi tác dụng NaHCO₃ thu được n_CO2=0,05=n_(A,B)=n_-COOHnên             M_(X,Y)=3,6/0,05=72 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";">→ M</span>_{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">R</span>}<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=72 - 45=27<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Khi phản ứng với Na</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"> tạo ra </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">H₂ với n_H2=0,035 mol chứng tỏ số mol H linh động trong E là 0,035.2=0,07 >  n_-COOH  nên X, Y vẫn còn –OH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Đặt  R’(OH)_k(COOH) + Na</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";">→</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(k+1)/2 H₂<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">        0,05                                    0,035  mol  <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";">→ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">k=0,4 <1 <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Với R=27 mà M_X< M_Y nên X không chứa –OH, <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                           Y chứa 1 hoặc 2 –OH (không thể là 3 vì M_Y<130).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy X chỉ chứa nhóm chức – COOH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">       Y chứa cả nhóm chức – COOH và nhóm chức –OH <o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 395.35pt;" valign="top" width="527"> <div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) TH₁</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Y chứa 1 nhóm – OH khi đó X là R₁’(COOH)            a (mol) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 194.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                                                Y là R₂’(OH)(COOH)  b (mol)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 194.5pt;"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">     Ta có<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 194.5pt;"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-text-raise: -26.0pt; position: relative; top: 26.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1099" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:147.75pt;height:52.5pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image099.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="70" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image100.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1099" width="197" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1099" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328245"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">X, Y không làm mất màu nước Br₂, không có phản ứng tráng bạc nên X, Y là hợp chất no<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Nghiệm thỏa mãn R₁’= 15 ; R₂’=28  <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Vậy X là CH₃COOH; Y là C₂H₄(OH)(COOH)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">+) TH₂:</span></b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;"> Y chứa 2 nhóm  –OH tương tự ta tính được 4R₁^’ + R₂’= 118<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Nghiệm thỏa mãn R₁’= 15; R₂’ = 41 <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Vậy X CH₃COOH; Y là C₃H₅(OH)₂(COOH)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 395.35pt;" valign="top" width="527"> <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">Y tách H₂O cho 2 đồng phân hình học </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Z₁, Z₂ </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;">nên Y chỉ có thể là:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">    <!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1100" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:227.25pt;height:31.5pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image101.emz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="42" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image102.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1100" width="303" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="ChemDraw.Document.6.0" ShapeID="_x0000_i1100" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328246"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Z₁ đun nóng, tách H₂O tạo P mạch vòng, không phản ứng NaHCO₃ nên P là este vòng => Z₁ dạng <i>cis</i>, Z₂ dạng <i>trans</i><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1101" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:293.25pt;height:135.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image103.emz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="181" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image104.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1101" width="391" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="ChemDraw.Document.6.0" ShapeID="_x0000_i1101" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537328248"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57"> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><br /><div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">`<u>Ghi chú:</u></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <i>Học sinh phải thực hiện đúng và đủ các yêu cầu của đầu bài, kết quả làm cách khác đúng, cho điểm tối đa tương ứng.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>

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