ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 9 BẮC NINH

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7OVaUXC-U-SMppWCZZYnSVrII7E8vmHSQnINv8htSS6m95Z_vFNSBSTmsn64Dh7b-h7iISD8NAgu-1AqBOsTc91VNRItH2AsYJQL-dpNngsX1RPaUPTISyxRRI2bm24RHQ51TX46ALaY/s1600/t%25E1%25BA%25A3i+xu%25E1%25BB%2591ng+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7OVaUXC-U-SMppWCZZYnSVrII7E8vmHSQnINv8htSS6m95Z_vFNSBSTmsn64Dh7b-h7iISD8NAgu-1AqBOsTc91VNRItH2AsYJQL-dpNngsX1RPaUPTISyxRRI2bm24RHQ51TX46ALaY/s200/t%25E1%25BA%25A3i+xu%25E1%25BB%2591ng+%25281%2529.jpg" width="140" /></a></div>ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH  Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 9 BẮC NINH<br /><br /><a name="more"></a><br /><br /><br /><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: -1.7pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; width: 671px;"> <tbody><tr style="height: 90.45pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="height: 90.45pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 185.3pt;" valign="top" width="247"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">UBND TỈNH BẮC NINH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><table align="left" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2" width="61"></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img height="2" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027" width="111" /></td> </tr></tbody></table><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t32" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="32" o:oned="t" path="m,l21600,21600e" filled="f"> <v:path arrowok="t" fillok="f" o:connecttype="none"/> <o:lock v:ext="edit" shapetype="t"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1027" type="#_x0000_t32" style='position:absolute; left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:46.8pt;margin-top:1.95pt;width:81.55pt; height:0;z-index:251658240' o:connectortype="straight"/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--> <!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><br clear="ALL" /><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t202" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="202" path="m,l,21600r21600,l21600,xe"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/> <v:path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute; left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:39pt;margin-top:-25pt;width:97.75pt; height:22.7pt;z-index:251657216'> <v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1026' inset="0,0,0,0"> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"><tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:6.0pt;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><![if !mso]></td> </tr></table><![endif]></v:textbox> <w:wrap type="square"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img align="left" alt="Text Box: ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC " height="36" hspace="12" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" width="136" /><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(Đề thi có 02 trang)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div></td> <td style="height: 90.45pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 317.95pt;" valign="top" width="424"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">NĂM HỌC 2015 - 2016<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 9<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Thời gian làm bài: 150 phút <i>(không kể thời gian giao đề)<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">Ngày thi: 24 tháng 3 năm 2016<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 13.0pt;">=====================</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><st2:place w:st="on"><st1:sn w:st="on"><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">Câu</span></u></b></st1:sn><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;"> <st1:sn w:st="on">I.</st1:sn></span></u></b></st2:place><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">(4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">            <b>1.</b> Mỗi dung dịch sau đây được đựng trong một lọ mất nhãn: natri clorua, natri hiđroxit, axit sunfuric, axit clohiđric, bari hiđroxit, magie sunfat. Không dùng thêm thuốc thử nào khác (ngoài các dung dịch trên), hãy trình bày cách nhận ra các lọ đó. Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">Có ba chất khí A, B, D đều chỉ chứa 2 nguyên tố, phân tử chất B và D đều có 3 nguyên tử. Cả 3 chất đều có tỉ khối so với khí cacbonic bằng 1. B tác dụng được với dung dịch kiềm, A và D không có phản ứng với dung dịch kiềm. A tác dụng với oxi khi đốt nóng sinh ra B và một chất khác. D không cháy trong oxi. Lập luận để tìm công thức phân tử các chất A, B, D.    <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">3.</span></b><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"> Từ Fe₃O₄ bằng 2 phản ứng có thể thu được dung dịch chỉ chứa FeCl₃ và cũng bằng 2 phản ứng có thể thu được dung dịch chỉ chứa FeCl₂. Mỗi trường hợp hãy minh họa bằng 2 cách.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">4.</span></b><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"> Cô cạn 160 gam dung dịch CuSO₄10% đến khi tổng số nguyên tử trong dung dịch chỉ còn một nửa so với ban đầu thì dừng lại. Tính khối lượng H₂O bay ra?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 130%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Câu II.</span></u></b><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"> (4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">Cho 3 chất hữu cơ mạch hở A, B, C, mỗi chất ứng với một trong số các công thức phân tử sau: C₃H₄O₂, C₃H₄O, C₃H₆O. Biết rằng, A và C phản ứng được với Na kim loại, giải phóng H₂; A và B tác dụng với H₂ dư (xúc tác Ni, t^o) tạo thành cùng một sản phẩm; cho hơi của A qua CuO nung nóng thu được B. Viết công thức cấu tạo của A, B, C và các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;"> Một học sinh được phân công tiến hành 3 thí nghiệm sau: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            Thí nghiệm 1:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;"> Đưa bình đựng hỗn hợp khí metan và clo ra ánh sáng. Sau một thời gian, cho nước vào bình, lắc nhẹ rồi thêm vào bình một mẩu giấy quỳ tím. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            Thí nghiệm 2:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;"> Dẫn khí axetilen đi chậm qua dung dịch brom màu vàng. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            Thí nghiệm 3:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;"> Cho 1 đến 2 giọt dầu ăn vào ống nghiệm đựng benzen, lắc nhẹ. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; line-height: 130%;">            Nêu hiện tượng và cho biết mục đích của 3 thí nghiệm trên. Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">Chỉ từ metan, các chất vô cơ và các điều kiện cần thiết có đủ, viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học điều chế các đồng phân đơn chức, mạch hở có cùng công thức phân tử C₃H₆O₂.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">4.</span></span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt; line-height: 130%;">Bằng phương pháp hoá học hãy nhận biết các đồng phân đơn chức, mạch hở có cùng công thức phân tử C₃H₆O₂. Viết phương trình phản ứng hóa học xảy ra?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">Câu III.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">Hỗn hợp X gồm các kim loại Na, Al, Fe được chia thành 3 phần bằng nhau. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            Phần 1:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">tác dụng với nước d</span><span lang="VI" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">ư</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">thu được V₁ lít khí H₂. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            Phần 2:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">tác dụng với dung dịch NaOH d</span><span lang="VI" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">ư</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">thu được V₂ lít khí H₂. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            Phần 3:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">tác dụng với dung dịch HCl dư thu được V₃ lít khí H₂. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">                        (Biết các khí được đo ở cùng điều kiện).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            <b>a.</b>Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; margin-left: 36.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">So sánh các giá trị V₁, V₂, V₃ và giải thích? <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 1.0cm;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">             <b>2.</b> Cho 6 gam axit axetic vào 200 ml dung dịch NaOH (lấy dư) thu được dung dịch X. Cô cạn dung dịch X thu được hỗn hợp chất rắn khan Y. Đem đốt cháy hoàn toàn Y thu được hỗn hợp khí Z (gồm CO₂và H₂O) và 8,48 gam Na₂CO₃.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 1.0cm;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            <b>a.</b>Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra và xác định nồng độ mol/lít của dung dịch NaOH ban đầu.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 1.0cm;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            <b>b.</b>Cho hỗn hợp khí Z vào 200 ml dung dịch Ba(OH)₂ 0,5M. Hãy cho biết khối lượng dung dịch sau phản ứng thay đổi như thế nào so với dung dịch Ba(OH)₂ban đầu?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">Câu IV.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;"> (3,0 điểm) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            Cho hỗn hợp X gồm MgO, FeO, Fe₂O₃ và Fe₃O₄có số mol bằng nhau. Lấy m gam X cho vào ống sứ chịu nhiệt, nung nóng rồi cho luồng khí CO đi qua ống, CO phản ứng hết. Toàn bộ khí CO₂ bay ra khỏi ống được hấp thụ hết vào bình đựng 100 ml dung dịch Ba(OH)₂0,60M, thấy khối lượng dung dịch tăng so với dung dịch Ba(OH)₂ ban đầu là 1,665 gam. Chất rắn Y còn lại trong ống sứ gồm 5 chất và có khối lượng 21 gam. Cho hỗn hợp Y tác dụng hết với dung dịch HNO₃ đun nóng, thu được V lít khí NO (sản phẩm khử duy nhất, đo ở đktc). <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            <b>1.</b> Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            <b>2.</b> Tính giá trị m, V và số mol HNO₃ đem dùng? <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">(Biết lượng axit dư 20% so với lượng cần thiết).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">Câu V.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;"> (3,0 điểm) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 7,12 gam hỗn hợp A gồm ba chất hữu cơ X, Y, Z (đều có thành phần nguyên tố gồm C, H, O), sau phản ứng thu được 6,72 lít khí CO₂ và 5,76 gam nước. Mặt khác nếu cho 3,56 gam hỗn hợp A phản ứng với Na dư thu được 0,28 lít khí hiđro. Còn nếu cho 3,56 gam hỗn hợp A phản ứng với dung dịch NaOH thì cần vừa đủ 200 ml dung dịch NaOH 0,2M. Sau phản ứng với dung dịch NaOH thu được một chất hữu cơ và 3,28 gam một muối. Xác định công thức phân tử, viết công thức cấu tạo của X, Y, Z? Biết mỗi chất chỉ chứa một nhóm nguyên tử gây nên tính chất hoá học đặc trưng, các phản ứng xảy ra hoàn toàn, thể tích khí đo ở điều kiện tiêu chuẩn.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">Câu VI.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;"> (3,0 điểm) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            Hỗn hợp X gồm một kim loại R và muối cacbonat của nó (có tỉ lệ mol tương ứng là 2 : 1). Hòa tan hoàn toàn 68,4 gam hỗn hợp X trong dung dịch HNO₃ dư, thấy thoát ra hỗn hợp khí Y gồm NO (sản phẩm khử duy nhất) và CO­₂. Hỗn hợp khí Y làm mất màu vừa đủ 420 ml dung dịch KMnO₄ 1M trong H₂SO₄ loãng, dư (KMnO₄ + H₂SO₄ + NO → HNO₃ +K₂SO₄+ MnSO₄ + H₂O). Khí còn lại cho qua dung dịch Ca(OH)₂dư thấy khối lượng dung dịch giảm 16,8 gam so với dung dịch Ca(OH)₂ban đầu. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra. <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">            2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">X<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">ác định công thức muối cacbonat của R và tính thành phần phần trăm theo khối lượng mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp X.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">=====Hết====<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 130%; text-align: center;"><b><i><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%;">(Thí sinh chỉ được sử dụng bảng tuần hoàn các nguyên tố hóa học) <o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 5.4pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; width: 660px;"> <tbody><tr style="height: 54.2pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="height: 54.2pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 184.45pt;" valign="top" width="246"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">UBND TỈNH BẮC NINH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO</span></b><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="height: 54.2pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 310.6pt;" valign="top" width="414"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">HƯỚNG DẪN CHẤM<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">NĂM HỌC 2015 - 2016<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Môn: Hóa học - Lớp 9</span></b><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><st2:place w:st="on"><st1:sn w:st="on"><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Câu</span></u></b></st1:sn><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <st1:sn w:st="on">I.</st1:sn></span></u></b></st2:place><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoBodyText2" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">            <b>1.</b> Mỗi dung dịch sau đây được đựng trong một lọ mất nhãn: natri clorua, natri hiđroxit, axit sunfuric, axit clo hiđric, bari hiđroxit, magie sunfat. Không dùng thêm thuốc thử nào khác (ngoài các dung dịch trên), hãy trình bày cách nhận ra các lọ đó. Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Có ba chất khí A, B, D đều chỉ chứa 2 nguyên tố, phân tử chất B và D đều có 3 nguyên tử. Cả 3 chất đều có tỉ khối so với khí cacbonic bằng 1. B tác dụng được với dung dịch kiềm, A và D không có phản ứng với dung dịch kiềm. A tác dụng với oxi khi đốt nóng sinh ra B và một chất khác. D không cháy trong oxi. Lập luận để tìm công thức phân tử các chất A, B, D.    <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoBodyText2" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">3.</span></b><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"> Từ Fe₃O₄bằng 2 phản ứng có thể thu được dung dịch chỉ chứa FeCl₃ và cũng bằng 2 phản ứng có thể thu được dung dịch chỉ chứa FeCl₂. Mỗi trường hợp hãy minh họa bằng 2 cách.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoBodyText2" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><b><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">4.</span></b><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"> Cô cạn 160 gam dung dịch CuSO₄10% đến khi tổng số nguyên tử trong dung dịch chỉ còn một nửa so với ban đầu thì dừng lại. Tìm khối lượng H₂O bay ra?<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td rowspan="4" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">I<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">(1đ)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Lấy các hoá chất ở từng lọ ra các ống nghiệm, đánh số ống nghiệm tương ứng với các lọ.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Lần lượt cho các dung dịch vào với nhau thấy:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ba(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄  </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> BaSO₄↓ + 2H₂O            (1)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ba(OH)₂ + MgSO₄  </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> BaSO₄↓ + Mg(OH)₂↓   (2)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">MgSO₄ + 2NaOH </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Na₂SO₄ + Mg(OH)₂↓      (3)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- 2 dung dịch có 2 lần tạo kết tủa </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> đó là Ba(OH)₂ và MgSO₄ vì có các phản ứng (1), (2), (3)  <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">2 dung dịch có 1 lần tạo kết tủa đó là H₂SO₄ và NaOH vì có các phản ứng (1) và (3)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- 2 dung dịch không có hiện tượng tạo kết tủa: đó là HCl và NaCl<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Lấy 2 dung dịch không tạo kết tủa ở trên lần lượt cho vào kết tủa của 2 dung dịch có 1 lần tạo kết tủa. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Trường hợp dung dịch cho vào làm tan 1 kết tủa thì dung dịch cho vào là HCl => dung dịch có 1 lần tạo kết tủa là NaOH vì có phản ứng <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                       2HCl + Mg(OH)₂↓</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> MgCl₂ + 2H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">       => dung dịch có 1 lần kết tủa còn lại là H₂SO₄. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Dung dịch cho vào không làm tan kết tủa là NaCl. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+ Lấy dung dịch NaOH vừa nhận được cho vào 2 dung dịch có 2 lần tạo kết tủa. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Dung dịch nào không tạo kết tủa với NaOH là dung dịch Ba(OH)₂, <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Dung dịch nào tạo kết tủa với NaOH là dung dịch MgSO₄ vì có phản ứng (3)<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">* M = 44.1 = 44<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+)B là hợp chất gồm hai nguyên tố, tác dụng được với dung dịch kiềm có thể là oxit axit. Chỉ có trường hợp B là <b>CO₂</b> thoả mãn vì chất gồm 2 nguyên tố, phân tử gồm 3 nguyên tử  và </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">M_B = 44 ( các oxit, axit, muối khác không thoả mãn)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) A cháy sinh ra 2 sản phẩm trong đó có CO₂ vậy A là C_xR_y, trong đó R là H thoả mãn. A là <b>C₃H₈</b> có M_A = 44.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) D là <b>N₂O</b> thoả mãn vì chất gồm 2 nguyên tố, phân tử gồm 3 nguyên tử và M_D = 44.<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">* FeCl₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><b><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Cách 1:<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">    Fe₃O₄ + 8HCl → FeCl₂ + 2FeCl₃ + 4H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">    2FeCl₂ + Cl₂ → 2FeCl_3<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><b><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Cách 2:<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     Fe₃O₄ + 4H₂<span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt; height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image004.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1025" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258417"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->3Fe + 4H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     2Fe + 3Cl₂ <span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image004.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1026" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258418"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> 2FeCl₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Sau đó hòa tan FeCl₃ vào nước dư<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">* FeCl₂<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><b><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Cách 1:<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     Fe₃O₄ + 8HCl → FeCl₂ + 2FeCl₃ + 4H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     2FeCl₃ + Fe → 3FeCl₂<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><b><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Cách 2:</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"> <b><i><o:p></o:p></i></b></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     Fe₃O₄ + 4H₂ <span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image004.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1027" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258419"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->3Fe + 4H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.2pt;" valign="top" width="46"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">4<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 398.25pt;" valign="top" width="531"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Khối lượng CuSO₄ = 16,0 gam</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_CuSO4 = 0,1 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Khối lượng H₂O = 144 gam </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_H2O = 8,0 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=) Vì 1 phân tử CuSO₄ chứa 6 nguyên tử </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 0,1 mol CuSO₄ chứa 0,6 mol nguyên tử<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vì 1 phân tử H₂O chứa 3 nguyên tử </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 8,0 mol H₂O chứa 24,0 mol nguyên tử<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> Tổng số mol nguyên tử trước khi cô cạn= 0,6 + 24 = 24,6 mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> Tổng số mol nguyên tử sau khi cô cạn là 24,6: 2 = 12,3 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Số mol nguyên tử giảm đi do H₂O bay hơi<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gọi khối lượng H₂O bay hơi là x → có 3x/18 mol nguyên tử bị bay hơi<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">12,3 = 3x/18    </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">  x = 73,8 gam<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Vậy khối lượng nước bay hơi là 73,8 gam.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 38.5pt;" valign="top" width="51"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoBodyText2" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Câu II.</span></u></b><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"> (4,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cho 3 chất hữu cơ mạch hở A, B, C, mỗi chất ứng với một trong số các công thức phân tử sau: C₃H₄O₂, C₃H₄O, C₃H₆O. Biết rằng, A và C phản ứng được với Na kim loại, giải phóng H₂; A và B tác dụng với H₂dư (xúc tác Ni, t^o) tạo thành cùng một sản phẩm; cho hơi của A qua CuO nung nóng thu được B. Xác định CTCT của A, B, C. Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Một học sinh được phân công tiến hành 3 thí nghiệm sau: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            Thí nghiệm 1:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Đưa bình đựng hỗn hợp khí metan và clo ra ánh sáng. Sau một thời gian, cho nước vào bình, lắc nhẹ rồi thêm vào bình một mẩu giấy quỳ tím. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            Thí nghiệm 2:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Dẫn khí axetilen đi chậm qua dung dịch brom màu vàng. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            Thí nghiệm 3:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Cho 1 đến 2 giọt dầu ăn vào ống nghiệm đựng benzen, lắc nhẹ. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">            Nêu hiện tượng và cho biết mục đích của 3 thí nghiệm trên. Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Chỉ từ metan, các chất vô cơ và các điều kiện cần thiết có đủ, viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học điều chế các đồng phân đơn chức, mạch hở có cùng công thức phân tử C₃H₆O₂.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">4.</span></span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> Bằng phương pháp hoá học hãy nhận biết các đồng phân đơn chức, mạch hở có cùng công thức phân tử C₃H₆O₂.Viết phương trình phản ứng hóa học xảy ra?<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.55pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 391.25pt;" valign="top" width="522"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.45pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td rowspan="4" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.55pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">II<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 391.25pt;" valign="top" width="522"><div class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Khi cho hơi A đi qua CuO thu được B, đây là phản ứng oxi hoá ancol thành anđehit. Vậy A là ancol có công thức C₃H₆O (CH₂=CH-CH₂OH), <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) B là anđehit có công thức C₃H₄O (CH₂=CH-CHO)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Còn C có công thức C₃H₄O₂. A, C tác dụng được với Na giải phóng H₂ <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">=> C là axit CH₂=CH-COOH.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Các phương trình phản ứng:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">CH₂=CH-CH₂OH + Na → CH₂=CH-CH₂ONa + 1/2H_2<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">CH₂=CH-COOH + Na → CH₂=CH-COONa + 1/2H₂ <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">CH₂=CH-CH₂OH + H₂ <span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:36.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image006.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image007.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028" width="49" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1028" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258420"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> CH₃CH₂CH₂OH_<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">CH₂=CH-CHO + 2H₂ <span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:36.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image006.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image007.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1029" width="49" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1029" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258421"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> CH₃CH₂CH₂OH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">CH₂=CH-CH₂OH + CuO <span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1030" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image008.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1030" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1030" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258422"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> CH₂=CH-CHO + H₂O + Cu<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.45pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 391.25pt;" valign="top" width="522"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Thí nghiệm 1: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Hiện tượng: Khi đưa ra ánh sáng, màu vàng nhạt của clo mất đi. Giấy quỳ tím chuyển sang màu đỏ.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Mục đích: Chứng minh metan có phản ứng thế với clo khi có ánh sáng<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CH₄ + Cl₂  <span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:15.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image009.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="21" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1031" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1031" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258423"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->CH₃Cl + HCl<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">HCl tạo thành tan trong nước thành dung dịch axit làm quỳ tím chuyển sang màu đỏ<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Thí nghiệm 2: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Hiện tượng: Dung dịch brom nhạt màu dần sau đó bị mất màu.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Mục đích: Chứng minh axetilen có phản ứng cộng với brom<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">C₂H₂ + Br₂ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> C₂H₂Br₂<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">C₂H₂Br₂ + Br₂ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> C₂H₂Br₄<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hoặc C₂H₂ + 2Br₂ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> C₂H₂Br₄<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Thí nghiệm 3: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Hiện tượng: Hỗn hợp benzen và dầu ăn trở nên đồng nhất<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Mục đích: Chứng minh benzen có khả năng hoà tan dầu ăn hoặc dầu ăn tan trong benzen.      <o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.45pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 391.25pt;" valign="top" width="522"><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Điều chế CH₃COOCH_3<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- CH₄ → C₂H₂ → CH₃CHO → CH₃COOH_<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- CH₄ → CH₃Cl → CH₃OH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     CH₃COOH + CH₃OH <span style="mso-text-raise: -10.0pt; position: relative; top: 10.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1032" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:48pt;height:26.25pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image011.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="35" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1032" width="64" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1032" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258424"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> CH₃COOCH₃ + H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Điều chế H-COO-CH=CH₂<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- CH₄ → CH₃Cl → CH₃OH → HCOOH → HCOOCH=CH₂<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Điều chế CH₃- CH₂- COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- CH₄ → C₂H₂ →C₄H₄ → C₄H₁₀→C₃H₆→C₃H₇Br→C₃H₇OH → C₂H₅COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.45pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.65pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">4<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 391.25pt;" valign="top" width="522"><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) C₃H₆O₂ có 3 đồng phân cấu tạo, mạch hở đơn chức<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CH₃CH₂COOH; HCOOCH₂CH₃; CH₃COOCH₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Nhúng quỳ tím lần lượt vào 3 mẫu thử của 3 chất trên<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Quỳ tím hóa đỏ là: CH₃CH₂COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Quỳ tím không đổi màu là: HCOOCH₂CH₃; CH₃COOCH₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Cho lần lượt 2 chất; CH₃COOCH₃ tác dụng với dung dịch AgNO₃ trong NH₃, đun nóng ( hoặc Ag₂O trong NH₃)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Có kết tủa trắng là HCOOCH₂CH₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">HCOOCH₂CH₃ + Ag₂O <span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1033" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:51pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image013.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033" width="68" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1033" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258425"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->C₃H₆O₃ + 2Ag↓<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Không hiện tượng là CH₃COOCH₃<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.45pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Câu III.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (3,0 điểm)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            1. </span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hỗn hợp X gồm các kim loại Na, Al, Fe được chia thành 3 phần bằng nhau. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            Phần 1:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> tác dụng với nước d</span><span lang="VI" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ư</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">thu được V₁ lít khí H₂. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            Phần 2:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> tác dụng với dung dịch NaOH d</span><span lang="VI" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ư</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">thu được V₂ lít khí H₂. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            Phần 3:</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> tác dụng với dung dịch HCl dư thu được V₃ lít khí H₂. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                        (Biết các khí được đo ở cùng điều kiện).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            <b>a.</b> Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> So sánh các giá trị V₁, V₂, V₃ và giải thích? <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 1.0cm;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            <b>2.</b>Cho 6 gam axit axetic vào 200 ml dung dịch NaOH (lấy dư) thu được dung dịch X. Cô cạn dung dịch X thu được hỗn hợp chất rắn khan Y. Đem đốt cháy hoàn toàn chất rắn Y thu được hỗn hợp khí Z (CO₂ và H₂O) và 8,48 gam Na₂CO₃.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            <b>a.</b> Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học và xác định nồng độ mol/lít của dung dịch NaOH ban đầu.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            <b>b.</b> Cho hỗn hợp khí Z vào 200 ml dung dịch Ba(OH)₂ 0,5M. Hãy cho biết khối lượng dung dịch sau phản ứng thay đổi như thế nào so với dung dịch Ba(OH)₂ ban đầu?<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.6pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.15pt;" valign="top" width="46"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 390.35pt;" valign="top" width="520"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.8pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr style="height: 253.4pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td rowspan="3" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 253.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.6pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">III<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 253.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.15pt;" valign="top" width="46"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1,5đ)</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 253.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 390.35pt;" valign="top" width="520"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Tác dụng với nước dư<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     Na + H₂O → NaOH + 1/2H₂↑<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">       x                                     x/2                                        <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     NaOH + H₂O + Al → NaAlO₂ + 3/2H₂↑<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">        x                      y                         3x/2 hoặc (3y/2)                    <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Tác dụng với dung dịch NaOH dư<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     Na + H₂O → NaOH + 1/2H₂↑<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">       x                                     x/2                         <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     NaOH + H₂O + Al → NaAlO₂ + 3/2H₂↑<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">                               y                          3y/2               <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Tác dụng với dung dịch HCl dư<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     Na + HCl → NaCl + 1/2H₂↑<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">       x                                 x/2                         <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     Al  + 3HCl→ AlCl₃ + 3/2H₂↑<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">      y                                  3y/2               <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">     Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂↑<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">      z                                   z             <o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 253.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.8pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 390.35pt;" valign="top" width="520"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Nếu x < y → V₁ = x/2 + 3x/2 = 2x < V₂ = x/2 + 3y/2 < V₃ = x/2 + 3y/2 + z<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">                          V₁ < V₂ < V_3<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">+) Nếu x ≥ y → V₁ = x/2 + 3y/2  = V₂ = x/2 + 3y/2 < V₃ = x/2 + 3y/2 + z<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">                          V₁ = V₂ <V_3<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.8pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 34.15pt;" valign="top" width="46"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1,5đ)</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 390.35pt;" valign="top" width="520"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;">a. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;">n_CH3COOH = 0,1 mol<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CH₃COOH + NaOH → CH₃COONa + H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2CH₃COONa + 4O₂ <span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1034" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image015.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1034" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258426"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> Na₂CO₃ + 3CO₂ + 3H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CO₂ + 2NaOH→ Na₂CO₃ + H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;">X gồm:<b> </b></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CH₃COONa: 0,1 mol; NaOH dư<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;">Y gồm:<b> </b></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CO₂: 0,12 mol; H₂O: 0,18 mol; Na₂CO₃: 0,08 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> <span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">n_NaOH = 0,16 mol <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;">=> <b>C_M(NaOH)</b> = <b>0,8M<o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;">b. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;">n_Ba(OH)2 = 0,1 mol<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CO₂ + Ba(OH)₂→ BaCO₃↓ + H₂O<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;">0,1 ←   0,1 </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">→         0,1   mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CO₂ + BaCO₃↓+ H₂O→ Ba(HCO₃)₂<b><span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,02 → 0,02<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> <span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">n_{BaCO3 còn} = 0,08 mol => m↓_BaCO3 = 15,76 gam<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;">=> <b>m_{dung dịch giảm} = m↓_BaCO3 – (m_CO2 +  m_H2O) = 7,24 gam<o:p></o:p></b></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.8pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Câu IV.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (3,0 điểm) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            Cho hỗn hợp X gồm MgO, FeO, Fe₂O₃ và Fe₃O₄ có số mol đều bằng nhau. Lấy m gam X cho vào ống sứ chịu nhiệt, nung nóng rồi cho luồng khí CO đi qua ống, CO phản ứng hết. Toàn bộ khí CO₂ bay ra khỏi ống được hấp thụ hết vào bình đựng 100 ml dung dịch Ba(OH)₂ 0,60M, thấy khối lượng dung dịch tăng so với dung dịch Ba(OH)₂ ban đầu là 1,665 gam. Chất rắn Y còn lại trong ống sứ gồm 5 chất và có khối lượng 21 gam. Cho hỗn hợp Y tác dụng hết với dung dịch HNO₃, đun nóng được V lít khí NO (sản phẩm khử duy nhất, ở đktc). <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">         <b>1.</b>Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">         <b>2.</b>Tính giá trị m, V và số mol HNO₃ đem dùng? <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(Biết lượng axit dư 20% so với lượng cần thiết).<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.6pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.7pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 391.1pt;" valign="top" width="521"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.5pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.6pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">IV<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.7pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 391.1pt;" valign="top" width="521"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Các phương trình phản ứng:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Phản ứng oxit bị khử bởi CO:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3Fe₂O₃ + CO  </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1035" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image015.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1035" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1035" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258427"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  2Fe₃O₄ + CO₂       (1)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Fe₃O₄ + CO  </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1036" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image015.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1036" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1036" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258428"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  3FeO + CO₂           (2)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">FeO + CO  </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1037" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image015.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1037" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1037" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258429"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->  Fe + CO₂                  (3)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">MgO + CO </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1038" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:18pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image015.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="24" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1038" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1038" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258430"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--> không phản ứng<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Phản ứng CO₂ với dung dịch Ba(OH)₂ do khối lượng dung dịch tăng, nên phản ứng tạo ra hai muối<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">      CO₂  +  Ba(OH)₂ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  BaCO₃↓ +  H₂O                               (4)                <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">     0,06 ←    0,06 </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">        0,06         mol</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">     CO₂   +   H₂O   +   BaCO₃↓  </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">    Ba(HCO₃)₂                     (5)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">     x – 0,06   </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">           x – 0,06        </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">mol</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">- Các phản ứng của MgO, Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄, FeO, Fe với dung dịch HNO₃<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">MgO  +  2HNO₃  </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  Mg(NO₃)₂  +  H₂O                                (6)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Fe₂O₃ + 6HNO₃  </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  2Fe(NO₃)₃  +  3H₂O                               (7)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3Fe₃O₄  +  28HNO₃  </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  9Fe(NO₃)₃  +  NO  +  14H₂O            (8) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3FeO + 10HNO₃  </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  3Fe(NO₃)₃ + NO + 5H₂O                      (9)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Fe  +  4HNO₃  </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  Fe(NO₃)₃  +  NO  +  2H₂O                       (10)<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.5pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2-3pt cho <b>0,25đ</b><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4-6pt cho <b>0,5đ<o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">7-8pt cho <b>0,75đ</b><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">9-10pt cho <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1,0đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 33.7pt;" valign="top" width="45"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(2đ)</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 391.1pt;" valign="top" width="521"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Tính m?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">       </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;">n_{BaCO3 còn} = (0,12 – x) mol</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">          <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">   Từ (4), (5) và giả thiết cho ta có:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  m_CO2 – m_BaCO3 = 44x – 197 (0,12 - x) = 1,665<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> x = 0,105<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Từ (1), (2), (3), theo bảo toàn khối lượng ta có ( n_CO2 = n_CO)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                         m +  m_CO=  21 +  m_CO2<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> m  + 28.0,105 = 21 + 44.0,105<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> <b>m = 22,68 gam<o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Tính V?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">   Theo kết quả trên: m = 72x + 160x + 232x + 40x = 22,68   => x = 0,045 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">   Từ (1), (2), (3), (8), (9), (10) và dựa vào bảo toàn electron ta có<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                         n_{e(FeO, Fe3O4)}  +  n_e(CO)  = n_e(NO)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>          0,045.1 + 0,045.1 + 0,105.2 = 3.V/22,4<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> <b>V = 2,24 lít.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Tính n_HNO3?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">   Từ (6) → (10), bảo toàn nguyên tố nitơ <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> n_{HNO3 cần dùng}=2n_Mg+ 3∑n_Fe +n_NO = 2.0,045 + 3.0,045.6+2,24/22,4 = 1 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=> Số mol HNO₃ đem dùng là: 1 + 1.20% =<b> </b>1,2 mol<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy số mol HNO₃ đem dùng là: 1,2 mol</span></b><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.5pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><o:p></o:p></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Câu V.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (3,0 điểm) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 7,12 gam hỗn hợp A gồm ba chất hữu cơ X, Y, Z (đều có thành phần nguyên tố gồm C, H, O). Sau phản ứng thu được 6,72 lít khí CO₂ và 5,76 gam nước. Mặt khác nếu cho 3,56 gam hỗn hợp A phản ứng với Na dư thu được 0,28 lít khí hiđro. Còn nếu cho 3,56 gam hỗn hợp A phản ứng với dung dịch NaOH thì cần vừa đủ 200 ml dung dịch NaOH 0,2M. Sau phản ứng với dung dịch NaOH thu được một chất hữu cơ và 3,28 gam một muối. Xác định công thức phân tử, viết công thức cấu tạo của X, Y, Z? Biết mỗi chất chỉ chứa một nhóm nguyên tử gây nên tính chất hoá học đặc trưng. Các phản ứng xảy ra hoàn toàn, thể tích khí đo ở điều kiện tiêu chuẩn.<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 14.4pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;"> <tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; page-break-inside: avoid;"> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 50.3pt;" valign="top" width="67"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-outline-level: 2; page-break-after: avoid; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.85pt;" valign="top" width="48"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 357.85pt;" valign="top" width="477"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.5pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; page-break-inside: avoid;"> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 50.3pt;" valign="top" width="67"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-outline-level: 2; page-break-after: avoid; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">V<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.85pt;" valign="top" width="48"><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 357.85pt;" valign="top" width="477"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Hỗn hợp ba chất hữu cơ chứa C, H, O đều đơn chức, tác dụng với Na giải phóng H₂ nên trong hỗn hợp có chứa rượu hoặc axit. Mặt khác ba chất hữu cơ tác dụng với NaOH chỉ thu được một chất hữu cơ và một muối nên hỗn hợp A gồm một axit, một rượu và một este của axit và rượu trên.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Khi đốt cháy 7,12 gam hỗn hợp thu được: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">       số mol CO₂ = <span style="mso-text-raise: -14.0pt; position: relative; top: 14.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1039" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:33pt'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image016.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="44" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image017.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1039" width="36" /><!--[endif]--></span>= 0,3 mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">      số mol nước = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1040" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:26.25pt;height:30.75pt'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image018.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1040" width="35" /><!--[endif]--></span>= 0,32 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_H</span>_{<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">2</span>}_{<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">O</span>}<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> > n_CO</span>_{<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">2</span>}<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">. Vậy trong hỗn hợp phải có ít nhất không chứa liên kết kép ( liên kết đôi hoặc liên kết ba), chất đó chỉ là rượu no, mạch hở. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Trong 3,56 gam hỗn hợp A, gọi công thức của:  <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                 Rượu là C_nH­_{2n +1}OH có a mol, <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                 Axit là C_xH_yCOOH có b mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                và este C_xH_yCOOC_nH_{2n +1} c mol <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Các phương trình hoá học: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2C_xH_yCOOH + 2Na </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2C_xH_yCOONa + H₂                                 (1)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> b                                         b                    b/2<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2C_nH­_{2n +1}OH + 2Na </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2C_nH­_{2n +1}ONa + H₂                                  (2)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">   a                                a                         a/2<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Số mol H₂: <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1041" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:30.75pt'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image020.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1041" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span> + <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1042" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:30.75pt'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image022.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1042" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span> = <span style="mso-text-raise: -14.0pt; position: relative; top: 14.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1043" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:27pt;height:33pt'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image024.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="44" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image025.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1043" width="36" /><!--[endif]--></span>= 0,0125 mol </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> a + b = 0,025 mol  (I)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Cho 3,56 gam hỗn hợp A tác dụng với NaOH:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">C_xH_yCOOH + NaOH </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> C_xH_yCOONa + H₂O                               (3)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">C_xH_yCOOC_nH_{2n + 1} + NaOH </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> C_xH_yCOONa + C_nH_{2n +1}OH        (4)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">n_NaOH = b+ c = 0,2. 0,2 = 0,04 mol (II)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Khối lượng muối thu được: ( 12x + y + 67). 0,04 = 3,28 <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 12x + y = 15, cặp nghiệm phù hợp là x=1, y= 3<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">=>  Axit là CH₃COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+) Khi đốt cháy 7,12 gam hỗn hợp:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CH₃COOH + 2O₂ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2CO₂ + 2H₂O                                         (5)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CH₃COOC_nH_{2n + 1} + (3n+4)/2O₂ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (n + 2)CO₂ + (n+2) H₂O (6)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">      C_nH_{2n +1}OH + 3n/2O₂ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> nCO₂ + (n+1)H₂O                            (7)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">n_CO2 =2.na + 2.2b + (n+2).2c = 0,3  kết hợp với (II) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> na + nc = 0,07 mol (III)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Từ (5),(6), (7)  n_H</span>_{<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">2</span>}_{<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">O</span>}<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> =na +  a + (n+2)c +2b = 0,16 (IV)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Giải hệ (I), (II), (III), (IV) ta có:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> a = 0,01; b= 0,015; c = 0,025; n= 2<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy công thức của: Rượu là C₂H₅OH, <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                Axit là CH₃COOH<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                Este là CH₃COOC₂H₅<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.5pt;" valign="top" width="65"><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><br /></div><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" /></span></u></b> <br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Câu VI.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (3,0 điểm) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            Hỗn hợp X gồm một kim loại R và muối cacbonat của nó (có tỉ lệ mol tương ứng là 2 : 1). Hòa tan hoàn toàn 68,4 gam hỗn hợp X trong dung dịch HNO₃ dư, thấy thoát ra hỗn hợp khí Y gồm NO (sản phẩm khử duy nhất) và CO­₂. Hỗn hợp khí Y làm mất màu vừa đủ 420 ml dung dịch KMnO₄ 1M trong H₂SO₄ loãng, dư (KMnO₄ + H₂SO₄ + NO → HNO₃ +K₂SO₄+ MnSO₄ + H₂O). Khí còn lại cho qua dung dịch Ca(OH)₂dư thấy khối lượng dung dịch giảm đi 16,8 gam so với dung dịch Ca(OH)₂ban đầu. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">        <b>1.</b> Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra. <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">        <b>2.</b> X<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">ác định công thức muối cacbonat của R và tính thành phần % theo khối lượng mỗi chất trong <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">hỗn hợp X.<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 669px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 36.3pt;" valign="top" width="48"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">Câu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.75pt;" valign="top" width="44"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">Ý<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 395.15pt;" valign="top" width="527"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">Nội dung<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 37.35pt;" valign="top" width="50"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">Điểm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 36.3pt;" valign="top" width="48"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">VI<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.75pt;" valign="top" width="44"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(1đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 395.15pt;" valign="top" width="527"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">* TH1: R là kim loại có hóa trị biến đổi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">3R_x(CO₃)_y+(4nx-2y)HNO₃</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">3xR(NO­₃)_n+3yCO₂</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">­</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">+(nx-2y)NO</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">­</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">+(2nx-y)H₂O (1)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">       a                                                               ay                                              <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3R + 4nHNO₃ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 3R(NO₃)_n + nNO</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">­</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + 2nH₂O                                                (2)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2a                                      2na/3                      <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">10NO + 6KMnO₄ + 9H₂SO₄ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 10HNO₃ + 3K₂SO₄ + 6MnSO₄ + 4H₂O        (3)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  0,7 ←    0,42                                   mol                                <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> CaCO₃</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + H₂O                                                              (4)                        <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">* TH2: R là kim loại có hóa trị không đổi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">R₂(CO₃)_n+ 4nHNO₃</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2R(NO­₃)_n+ nCO₂</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">­</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">+ 2nH₂O                                        (1) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a                                                  an                                              <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3R + 4nHNO₃ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 3R(NO₃)_n + nNO</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">­</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + 2nH₂O                                            (2)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2a                                         2na/3                      <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">10NO + 6KMnO₄ + 9H₂SO₄ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 10HNO₃ + K₂SO₄ + 6MnSO₄ + 4H₂O         (3)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">  0,7 ←    0,42                                   mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> CaCO₃</span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">¯</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> + H₂O                                                              (4)            <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 37.35pt;" valign="top" width="50"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.75pt;" valign="top" width="44"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(2đ)</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 395.15pt;" valign="top" width="527"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">* TH1: R là kim loại có hoá trị biến đổi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo giả thiết: n_R: n_muối = 2 : 1 </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_R = 2a, n_Rx(CO3)y = a mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">n_KMnO4 = 0,42.1 = 0,42 mol </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Từ (3) </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_NO = 0,7 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">m_ddgiảm = mCaCO₃ - mCO₂ </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 100t - 44t = 56t = 16,8 (g)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_CO2 = t = 16,8/56 = 0,3mol; <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Từ (1) </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_CO2 = ay </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> ay = 0,3                            (I)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Từ (1) (2) </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_NO = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1044" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:110.25pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image026.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image027.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1044" width="147" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1044" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258431"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->           (II)                         <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">m_hhX = a(xM_R + 60y) + 2aM_R = 68,4                    (III)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Từ (I) (II) : a = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1045" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:40.5pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image028.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1045" width="54" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1045" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258432"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->          (*)                         (IV)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(I) (III): a = <span style="mso-text-raise: -15.0pt; position: relative; top: 15.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1046" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:63pt;height:33.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image030.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="45" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image031.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1046" width="84" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1046" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258433"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->        (**)                                                                                   <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Từ (IV) ta có: M_R = <span style="mso-text-raise: -14.0pt; position: relative; top: 14.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1047" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:33pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image032.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="44" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image033.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1047" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1047" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258434"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->                                                                               <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(Hoặc HS chỉ cần trình bày từ (I) (II) (III) ta có: M_R = <span style="mso-text-raise: -14.0pt; position: relative; top: 14.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1048" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:33pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image034.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="44" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image033.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1048" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1048" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258435"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->)<o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 82.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 50.9pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">n<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 52.0pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.0pt;" valign="top" width="87"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 50.9pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">M_R<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">18,7<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 52.0pt;" valign="top" width="69"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">37,3<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.0pt;" valign="top" width="87"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">56<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                                                                  Thích hợp<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Vậy R là Fe             </span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">                                                                                    <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Thế n = 3 vào (*) (IV) </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> a = <span style="mso-text-raise: -12.0pt; position: relative; top: 12.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1049" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:33.75pt;height:30.75pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image035.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="41" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image036.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1049" width="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1049" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258436"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(I) </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> a = <span style="mso-text-raise: -14.0pt; position: relative; top: 14.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1050" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:163.5pt;height:33pt' o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\TRUONGAN\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image037.wmz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="44" src="file:///C:/Users/TRUONGAN/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image038.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1050" width="218" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1050" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1537258437"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]-->                                                 <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nên x = 1, y = 1 là nghiệm hợp lý </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <b>Công thức phân tử của muối là FeCO₃</b>_<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2"><br /></div><div align="left" class="MsoBodyText2">_{<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"> </span>}<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">* TH2: R là kim loại có hoá trị không đổi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theo giả thiết: n_R: n_muối = 2 : 1 </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_R = 2a, n_R2(CO3)n = amol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">n_KMnO4 = 0,42.1 = 0,42 mol </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Từ (3) </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_NO = 0,7 mol<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">m_ddgiảm = m_CaCO3 - m_CO2 </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 100t - 44t = 56t = 16,8 (g)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_CO2 = t = 16,8/56 = 0,3mol; Từ (1) </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_CO2 = an </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> an = 0,3                <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">m_ddgiảm = m_CaCO3 - m_CO2 </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Þ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 100t - 44t = 56t = 16,8 (g)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_CO2 = t = 16,8/56 = 0,3mol; Từ (1) </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_CO2 = an </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> an = 0,3                          <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Từ (2) </span><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt;">®</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> n_NO = 2na/3 = 0,7 → na =   1,05 ≠ 0,3 → vô lý          <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 37.35pt;" valign="top" width="50"><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,25đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0,5đ</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><br /><div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">            <u>Ghi chú:</u></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <i>Học sinh phải thực hiện đúng và đủ các yêu cầu của đầu bài, kết quả làm cách khác đúng, cho điểm tối đa tương ứng.</i></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>

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